Prevalence of human erythrovirus B19 DNA in healthy Belgian blood donors and correlation with specific antibodies against structural and non‐structural viral proteins

Thomas, Isabelle; Giambattista, M. Di; Gérard, Christiane; Mathys, E.; Hougardy, Vincent; Latour, B.; Branckaert, T.; Laub, R

doi:10.1046/j.1423-0410.2003.00299.x

Cited by 51 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This prevalence is also similar to the data obtained in the USA (0.88 %) [8]. Nevertheless, the observed prevalence was higher compared to countries like Belgium (0.2 %) [9] and China (0.58 %) [10] and lower compared to Dutch blood donors (2.5 %) [11]. Such a difference is probably due to the different sample volume used in the B19V testing, demographic characteristics of the populations or regional specifications of the B19V circulation (genotypes) in a given geographic region.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Slavov

Otaguiri

Covas

et al. 2015

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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The infection of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a common event in the general population, including volunteer blood donors. In some cases it can be asymptomatic and can remain persistent for a long period of time. The objective of this study was to examine the B19V DNA prevalence and viral load in first-time volunteer blood donors. Blood samples were collected from 91 primary blood donors at the Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Southeast Brazil. Viral detection and quantitation was performed by an in-house TaqMan Ò real-time PCR with high sensitivity. B19V DNA was detected in one male blood donor (1.0 %) and was characterized by a very low viral load (537.36 copies/mL). Our studies demonstrate that B19V DNA at low titer may be present in apparently healthy individuals. Sensitive molecular diagnostic tools can be applied for the screening of fresh blood derived products in order to prevent transfusion-transmitted B19V infection. Keywords Human parvovirus B19 Á B19V Á Viral quantitation Á Blood donorsHuman parvovirus B19 (B19V), a small icosahedral virus (19-22 nm), is the prototype member of the Erythrovirus genus (Parvoviridae family). B19V infection is a common finding in the general population and demonstrates marked seasonality. Clinical manifestations of B19V infection in children and adults may include erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) or arthropathy, nevertheless, great proportion of the infected individuals remain asymptomatic [1]. Therefore, in the general population B19V infections among blood donors can be considered a normal event and many of them have asymptomatic course [2,3]. A peculiar characteristic of B19V infection is that not always the virus is cleared and in many cases it can establish persistency in different body tissues [4]. Persistent B19V infection has been observed in immunologically normal individuals [5] including qualified blood donors [6]. The presence of persistent B19V infection in blood donors raises serious questions regarding transfusion safety of the obtained hemoderivatives, especially plasma products and packed erythrocytes.Moreover, B19V is highly resilient to almost all virus inactivation procedures [7], causes infections with a high viral load and these properties predispose to easy viral contamination of the blood products. The relevance of the low B19V load in asymptomatic donors and for the respective recipients of blood is still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate B19V DNA prevalence and viral load (VL) during 1 month blood collection in a non-metropolitan blood transfusion center in Southeast Brazil (Ribeirão Preto city, Western part of the São Paulo State).Ninety one peripheral blood samples were collected from 91 first time volunteer blood donors (mean age 35.7 years, 18-65 years, 55 % males). All of them were approved on the preliminary interview for blood donation & Svetoslav Nanev Slavov

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Slavov

Otaguiri

Covas

et al. 2015

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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“…The results showed that 11 and 8% of the United Kingdom and Ghanaian DNA-positive donors, respectively, were IgM and IgG positive and were considered to be in the early phase of infection. These proportions were lower than those previously reported in studies performed with Belgian (28%) and French (22.2%) blood donors (2,37). This difference might simply reflect a lack of DNA detection sensitivity that artificially increased the relative proportions of samples with a high viral load, including those containing IgM.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…The prevalences observed were significantly higher than the 0.003 to 0.16% prevalences reported in previous studies (2,15,20,27,37,40,41). This discrepancy was clearly unrelated to sample origin but rather reflected differences in the sensitivity of the assays used in the different studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Identification and Characterization of Persistent Human Erythrovirus Infection in Blood Donor Samples

Candotti

Etiz²,

Parsyan

et al. 2004

J Virol

168

182

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The presence of human erythrovirus DNA in 2,440 blood donations from the United Kingdom and subSaharan Africa (Ghana, Malawi, and South Africa) was screened. Sensitive qualitative and real-time quantitative PCR assays revealed a higher prevalence of persistent infection with the simultaneous presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and viral DNA (0.55 to 1.3%) than previously reported. This condition was characterized by a low viral load (median, 558 IU/ml; range, 42 to 135,000 IU/ml), antibody-complexed virus, free specific IgG, and potentially infectious free virus. Human erythrovirus genotype 1 (formerly parvovirus B19) was prevalent in the United Kingdom, Malawi, and South Africa. In contrast, only human erythrovirus genotype 3 (erythrovirus variant V9) was prevalent in Ghana. Genotype 3 had considerable genetic diversity, clustering in two probable subtypes. Genotype 1-based antibody assays failed to detect 38.5% of Ghanaian samples containing antibodies to genotype 3 virus but did not fail to detect cases of persistent infection. This study indicates a potential African origin of genotype 3 human erythrovirus and considerable shortcomings in the tools currently used to diagnose erythrovirus infection. Human erythrovirus (formerly parvovirus B19) is a member of the genus Erythrovirus within the family Parvoviridae (24).Erythrovirus infection occurs frequently in humans. The prevalence of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies is 2 to 15% in young children, 30 to 60% in adults, and more than 85% in those 70 years old or older (14). The linear singlestranded DNA genome of this small, nonenveloped virus is about 5 kb long and contains two large open reading frames (ORFs). The first ORF encodes nonstructural protein NS1, and the second one encodes both major VP2 and minor VP1 structural capsid proteins. VP1 consists of a unique sequence of 227 amino acids (VP1u) and is followed by the entire VP2 sequence (554 amino acids). Two additional ORFs encoding small proteins (7.5 and 11 kDa) with unknown functions have also been described (see reference 14 for a review).Following viral infection in immunocompetent individuals, the predominant immune response is a humoral response, which is assumed to confer protective, lifelong immunity. The early IgM response is directed against VP2, while the mature response mostly involves the production of IgG to VP1 (see reference 14 for a review). Several VP2 and VP1u regions containing neutralizing epitopes have been identified (10, 32, 43). However, neutralizing linear epitopes seem to cluster in the N terminus of VP1u and the VP1-VP2 junction regions and to elicit a more efficient response than the epitopes in the VP2 region, which are mainly conformational epitopes (21,26,28,31,36). The inability to develop an efficient neutralizing immune response, as observed mainly in immunosuppressed individuals but also in otherwise healthy individuals, may result in the failure to eliminate the virus, thus leading to persistent infection and the possible occurrence of chronic diseases, suc...

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“…Although, this seems quite reassuring, these results cannot be generalized as they represent testing of small batches and continuous monitoring is recommended. Other researchers from different countries have been able to detect parvovirus B19 DNA in 1 percent of all blood cell preparations and blood products applied to the patients on a haematologic ward, in 0.9 percent of standard blood components (in 2.0 percent of pooled plasma products and in 0.7 percent of single donor products), 18 in 0.006 percent of blood donations, in 0.14 percent of single-donor blood products, 19 in 0.16 percent of plasma samples, 15 in 0.6e1.3 percent of blood donors. 13 Given these data, it is apt that screening of blood donors for parvovirus B19 is now in prospect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 in healthy blood donors

Kumar

Gupta²,

Sen³

et al. 2013

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Human parvovirus B19 is an emerging transfusion transmitted infection.Although parvovirus B19 infection is connected with severe complications in some recipients, donor screening is not yet mandatory. To reduce the risk of contamination, plasma-pool screening and exclusion of highly viraemic donations are recommended. In this study the prevalence of parvovirus B19 in healthy blood donors was detected by ELISA.Methods: A total of 1633 samples were screened for IgM and IgG antibodies against parvovirus B19 by ELISA. The initial 540 samples were screened for both IgM and IgG class antibodies and remaining 1093 samples were screened for only IgM class antibodies by ELISA.Results: Net prevalence of IgM antibodies to human parvovirus B19 in our study was 7.53% and prevalence of IgG antibodies was 27.96%. Dual positivity (IgG and IgM) was 2.40%. Conclusion:The seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 among blood donor population in our study is high, and poses an adverse transfusion risk especially in high-risk group of patients who have no detectable antibodies to B19. Studies with large sample size are needed to validate these results.ª 2012, Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS). All rights reserved.

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Prevalence of human erythrovirus B19 DNA in healthy Belgian blood donors and correlation with specific antibodies against structural and non‐structural viral proteins

Cited by 51 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Identification and Characterization of Persistent Human Erythrovirus Infection in Blood Donor Samples

Seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 in healthy blood donors

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