Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis among homeless individuals

Abstract

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis are the most important communicable diseases in vulnerable populations. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis among homeless individuals in Shiraz, Iran. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out on 589 homeless men and women in Shiraz city in 2014. The data collection tool was a structurally standard questionnaire. After filling questionnaire, ELISA test was taken each person. If the results of the ELISA test were positive, then, a complementary Western blot test was conducted for HIV. Accordingly a PPD was conducted for individuals suspected to tuberculosis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and student t test. Results: HIV prevalence in this population was 7.6%. Around 8.88% of HIV positive cases were men. Around 2.37% of the cases had an experience of drug injection. The difference between cases with positive test of HIV in drug users and those who did not use drugs was statically significant (P < 0.05). Around 34.7% of men had experienced of sex with other mes (MSM). Conclusion: In this study, prevalence of HIV in participants was 7.6%, therefore much more attention needs to be paid to the health of homeless people.

Point and Lifetime Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Based on the Definitions of the Iranian Syndrome Surveillance System: A Hospital-Based Survey

“…Currently, there are only two sources of information regarding the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in Iran: (1) Individual studies conducted in different parts of the Iranian population (2,11); and (2) the Iranian syndrome-based surveillance system for STIs. Only a few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of STIs in Iran, and most of them used specific populations with nonrandom sampling approaches (2,(11)(12)(13).…”

“…Currently, there are only two sources of information regarding the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in Iran: (1) Individual studies conducted in different parts of the Iranian population (2,11); and (2) the Iranian syndrome-based surveillance system for STIs. Only a few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of STIs in Iran, and most of them used specific populations with nonrandom sampling approaches (2,(11)(12)(13). Also, due to the variety of centers providing STI treatment services, collecting information for surveillance systems, especially from the private sector, and monitoring the actual trend of STIs is difficult (14,15).…”

Determination of the effect of self-care based on the need for quality of life in people with AIDS

“…Today, self-care has been considered by many researchers in the field of medicine, in which the self-care effects on the quality of life of people with certain chronic diseases, such as diabetes, have been studied [6][7][8]. But in patients with AIDS, unfortunately, care has not been taken seriously, given that today AIDS is a global epidemic, and with the advances in drug therapy [9].…”

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction in Diagnosis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia

“…Respiratory impairment and lung injury during pneumocystis pneumonia are mediated by marked inflammatory responses in the host to the organism (2,3). The incidence of PCP in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients has decreased since the introduction of chemoprophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy (4)(5)(6). In fact, various opportunistic infections consisting of PCP, fungi and viruses may involve immunocompromised and transplanted patients (7)(8)(9)(10).…”

“…In fact, various opportunistic infections consisting of PCP, fungi and viruses may involve immunocompromised and transplanted patients (7)(8)(9)(10). Meanwhile, the incidence of PCP in non-HIV immunocompromised patients is increasing (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). The importance of PCP diagnosis in non-HIV immunocompromised patients includes: 1its non-specific symptoms.…”