Prevalence of <i>Campylobacter</i> species among HIV/AIDS patients in Nigeria

Smith, Stella I.; Nm, Otuonye; Omonigbehin, EA; Nkoth, Abel Fils; Cc, Okany; Ariyo, F; Badaru, OS; Ajayi, Anthony Idowu; Ao, Coker

doi:10.1080/09674845.2002.11978035

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is similar to report of 18.5%, 21.8% and 20% prevalence of Campylobacter species among HIV-patients in Australia, Cape Town and Nigeria respectively (Grant and Tee 1998;Lastovica and Roux, 2000;Coker 2002). However, the study was at variance with the 7% prevalence of Campylobacter species among HIV-patients reported in Lagos (Smith et al, 2005). This discrepancy could be due to the media of Campylobacter isolation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Untitled

2019

Int. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Campylobacter diarrhoea is regarded as the most common type of bacterial diarrhoea worldwide but the disease burden among diarrhoeic HIV-patients in Kaduna State has not been characterised. A total of 230 faecal samples were collected and analysed for Campylobacter spp. using membrane filtration method and; the isolates were characterised based on the morphological appearance and biochemical testing using standard methods. Isolates were further analysed by API Campy kits ® , to characterise the isolates' species level. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the IpxA gene, 23S rDNA and napA gene was used to confirmed the isolates. Out of the 230 faecal samples that were collected and cultured for Campylobacter, 45 samples were culture positive giving a prevalence of 19.6%. All the isolates produce the expected bands (757, 746, 656 and 835 bp) during the PCR confirmation. The Campylobacter spp. identified were Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter hyointestinalis. Age and sex distribution with campylobacteriosis was established. The prevalence was higher among female (14.3%) than male (5.2%) and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.042). All the risk factors considered such as source of drinking water, consumption of raw milk, eating of under-cooked meat in the study were not found to be associated with the disease condition. The prevalence of this bacterium among the study population is relatively high. Studies are needed to reassess the effect of Zidovudine with this high prevalence since the risk factors were not statistically significant in this study.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Untitled

2019

Int. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In general, some studies demonstrated that Campylobacter spp. prevalence can be worsened due to other comorbidities such as malnutrition [42,43,98], HIV/AIDS [77,89], malaria [54], giardiasis [82], and, rotavirus and norovirus infection in children [41]. In some studies, Campylobacter spp.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the most tested antibiotics, ampicillin revealed to have a higher resistance proportion (63%) (S4 Table ). The resistant scenario is thought to be the result of indiscriminate use both by humans and in animal husbandry [57,89].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis reveal that Campylobacter spp. and antibiotic resistance are widespread in humans in sub-Saharan Africa

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Campylobacter spp. are zoonotic bacteria that cause gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, whose main symptom is diarrhea. In certain cases, extra intestinal manifestations may occur, such as Guillain Barré syndrome. The bacteria cause severe diarrhea mostly in children and in immunocompromised individuals. This review aims to address the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in humans in sub-Saharan Africa. It also aims to understand the impact of HIV in the prevalence, as well as to report data on antibiotic resistance and propose research priorities. Methods We followed PRISMA guidelines to find studies on the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in humans in all countries from sub-Saharan Africa. Studies published between 2000 and 2020 were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online, Google Scholar and Science Direct. We have conducted a random-effect meta-analysis and calculated the proportion of resistant isolates to different antibiotics. Results and discussion We found 77 studies that described such occurrence in humans in 20 out of 53 sub-Saharan African countries. Campylobacter jejuni was the most prevalent species. Pooled prevalence was 9.9% (CI: 8.4%–11.6%). No major variations within the different sub-regions were found. Most studies reported Campylobacter spp. as the cause of diarrhea, mainly in children. Some studies reported the bacteria as a possible etiologic agent of acute flaccid paralysis and urinary tract infection. Campylobacter spp. presented a higher pooled prevalence in HIV infected patients, although not statistically significant. High proportions of resistant strains were reported for many antibiotics, including erythromycin and tetracycline. Conclusion Campylobacter spp. occur in sub-Saharan Africa, although information is scarce or inexistent for many countries. Research priorities should include investigation of the understudied species; extra intestinal manifestations; the impact of HIV infection and associated risk factors. Control strategies should be reinforced to contain the spread of this pathogen and drug resistance.

show abstract

“…Their finding underscores the significance of Microsporidiasis in HIV infection [62]. Survey of Microsporidium in HIV infected individuals Northern Nigeria [63] and in the South West have been reported in Benin [64]. In the same study, serological evaluation showed that 22/168(13.10%) of HIV/AIDS and 2/60 (3.33%) of HIV-negative patients were seropositive.…”

Section: Microsporidiasismentioning

confidence: 61%

Challenges of the Control of Opportunistic Infections of Zoonotic Origin in HIV/AIDS Patients

Adesiji¹,

Oloke²

2015

IJI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The HIV/AIDS pandemic is associated with a number of opportunistic infections of immunocompromised person.Some of these infections are recognized zoonoses that are naturally transmitted between animals and humans. These may be directly transmitted by, animals or indirectly by contact with contaminated food and water. Interactions between animals and humans have a complex interplay and health care providers should be aware of the potential role of animals as reservoirs of infectious diseases for HIV infected patients. The most frequent pattern of infection is characterized either by direct contact with farm or wild animals and/or ingestion of their products. Immunomodulatory antibodies that enhance the immune system to promote the function of immune cells have great promise in preventing and treating opportunistic infections of zoonotic origin in HIV/AIDS patient.

show abstract

Prevalence of Campylobacter species among HIV/AIDS patients in Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Untitled

Untitled

A systematic review and meta-analysis reveal that Campylobacter spp. and antibiotic resistance are widespread in humans in sub-Saharan Africa

Challenges of the Control of Opportunistic Infections of Zoonotic Origin in HIV/AIDS Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About