Prevalence of <i>Ras</i> mutations in thyroid neoplasia

Esapa, Christopher T.; Johnson, Sarah J.; Kendall‐Taylor, P.; Lennard, T. W. J.; Harris, Philip E.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00704.x

Cited by 213 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These mutations are seen at different frequencies in different types of thyroid cancers. While in PTC, RAS mutations were observed in approximately 10% of cases, in ATC and FTC this frequency is 10-20% and 40-50%, respectively [90][91][92][93]. RAS mutation in PTC leads follicular variants, and also more encapsulation, and fewer metastases to lymph node [94,95].…”

Section: Rasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, codon 61 point mutations have been especially reported to cause tumor progression in an aggressive manner [98,99]. Studies with transgenic mice demonstrated that RAS mutations resulted in carcinogenesis and hyperplasia in thyroid [100].…”

Section: Rasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RET/PTC, BRAF, NTRK, RAS and PAX8-PPAR␥ mutations have been frequently explored for diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Gene expression profiling and microRNA studies have identified a variety of potential molecular markers to help distinguish benign from malignant thyroid neoplasms especially for nodules that are classified as indeterminate for malignancy by FNAB [36,37,45,34,[90][91][92][93][109][110][111][112][113]178,[180][181][182]. The inability to exclude malignancy in these nodules may often lead to unnecessary surgery or two step surgical procedures.…”

Section: Molecular Targets In Histopathological Diagnosis and Classifmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequency of RAS mutation, the second most common mutation after BRAF, is about 40-50% in FTCs and 10% in PTCs (follicular variants) [90][91][92][93]. The positive predictive value of RAS mutation positivity in FNAB samples for thyroid cancer is about 74-87%.…”

Section: Molecular Targets In Histopathological Diagnosis and Classifmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An update on molecular biology of thyroid cancers

Ömür

Baran

2014

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

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Section: Rasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Rasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Targets In Histopathological Diagnosis and Classifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Targets In Histopathological Diagnosis and Classifmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An update on molecular biology of thyroid cancers

Ömür

Baran

2014

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

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“…RAS mutations are strictly related to follicular architecture of DTC. First, they are detected in a wide portion (40-50%) of FTC (Lemoine et al 1989, Esapa et al 1999. Furthermore, among the 10-20% of PTCs harbouring the mutations, almost all cases are classified as follicular variant (Zhu et al 2003, Adeniran et al 2006.…”

Section: Ras Mutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of molecular biology of differentiated thyroid cancer for clinical prognostication

Marotta¹,

Sciammarella²,

Colao³

et al. 2016

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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Although cancer outcome results from the interplay between genetics and environment, researchers are making a great effort for applying molecular biology in the prognostication of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Nevertheless, role of molecular characterisation in the prognostic setting of DTC is still nebulous. Among the most common and well-characterised genetic alterations related to DTC, including mutations of BRAF and RAS and RET rearrangements, BRAF V600E is the only mutation showing unequivocal association with clinical outcome. Unfortunately, its accuracy is strongly limited by low specificity. Recently, the introduction of next-generation sequencing techniques led to the identification of TERT promoter and TP53 mutations in DTC. These genetic abnormalities may identify a small subgroup of tumours with highly aggressive behaviour, thus improving specificity of molecular prognostication. Although knowledge of prognostic significance of TP53 mutations is still anecdotal, mutations of the TERT promoter have showed clear association with clinical outcome. Nevertheless, this genetic marker needs to be analysed according to a multigenetic model, as its prognostic effect becomes negligible when present in isolation. Given that any genetic alteration has demonstrated, taken alone, enough specificity, the co-occurrence of driving mutations is emerging as an independent genetic signature of aggressiveness, with possible future application in clinical practice. DTC prognostication may be empowered in the near future by non-tissue molecular prognosticators, including circulating BRAF V600E and miRNAs. Although promising, use of these markers needs to be refined by the technical sight, and the actual prognostic value is still yet to be validated. 23:11Review V Marotta et al. Molecular prognosis in thyroid cancer

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