Prevalence of<i>Schistosoma haematobium</i>in the Koryole and Merca Districts of the Somali Democratic Republic

Koura, M; Upatham, E. S.; Awad, Abdul-Hussein H.; Ahmed, M. D.

doi:10.1080/00034983.1981.11687408

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Prevalence has been estimated ranging from 17 to 33% in Burundi ( Gryseels, 1991 ), 1.9 to 73.9% in Ethiopia ( Wondimagegnehu et al, 1992 ; Abebe et al, 2014 ; Nyantekyi et al, 2014 ; Tadege and Shimelis, 2017 ; Shumbej and Girum, 2019 ), 2.1 to 18% in Kenya ( Handzel et al, 2003 ; Mwandawiro et al, 2013 ; Won et al, 2017 ), 7.2 to 88.6% in Uganda ( Kabatereine et al, 1992 ; Kabatereine et al, 2004 ; Tukahebwa et al, 2013 ), 22.9 to 86.3% in Tanzania ( Poggensee et al, 2005 ; Kaatano et al, 2015 ). Schistosomiasis has also been reported in Somalia (27.2–65.8%) ( Arfaa, 1975 ; Koura et al, 1981 ), Mauritius (15 > 50%) ( Cowper, 1953 ), Eritrea (2.4%) ( Ministry of Education, 2002 ; Lai et al, 2015 ) and Madagascar (5.0–93.7%) ( Rasoamanamihaja et al, 2016 ; Spencer et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and pattern of waterborne parasitic infections in eastern Africa: A systematic scoping review

Ngowi

2020

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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Waterborne parasitic diseases form one of common and important public health and economic problems in low- and middle-income countries, though little is known on the burden and patterns of these diseases in most regions. This systematic scoping review informs on the prevalence and pattern of waterborne parasitic infections in eastern Africa from 1st of January 1941 to 31st of December 2019. The review found limited number of published studies on waterborne parasitic diseases, though 13 of the 15 studied countries in eastern Africa provided one or more published report(s) totalling 47 reports. Focus of studies was mainly on schistosomiasis where 44.8% of the 47 retrieved studies reported it. Other frequently reported diseases were giardiasis (23.4% of reports), soil-transmitted helminths (23.4%) and amoebiasis (21.3%). Rarely reported diseases were malaria, cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, dracunculiasis and trichomoniasis. Based on parasitological examinations, schistosomiasis prevalence ranged from 17 to 33% in Burundi, 1.9 to 73.9% in Ethiopia, 2.1 to 18% in Kenya, 7.2 to 88.6% in Uganda, 22.9 to 86.3% in Tanzania, 27.2 to 65.8% in Somalia, 15 to >50% in Mauritius, 2.4% in Eritrea and 5.0 to 93.7% in Madagascar. Amoebiasis prevalence was 4.6–15,3% (Ethiopia), 5.9–58.3% (Kenya), 54.5% (Rwanda), 0.7–2.7% (Sudan), 19.93% (Uganda) and 4.5–5.0% (Seychelles). Giardiasis prevalence was 0.6–55.0% (Ethiopia), 16.6% (Kenya), 3.6% (Rwanda), 21.1% (Sudan), 40.7% (Uganda), 45.0% (Eritrea) and 3.3–6.0% (Seychelles). Soil-transmitted helminths prevalence was 41.7–52.4% (Ethiopia), 32.4–40.7% (Kenya), 9997 cases (Rwanda), 85.0% (Somalia), 4.7% (Madagascar) and 1.1–84% (Seychelles), Ascaris lumbricoides , Trichuris trichiura and hookworms were the most common helminths detected. Malaria prevalence was 2.9–4.31% (Ethiopia), an annual episode of 9 million people (Sudan), 13.0% (Tanzania), 146 hospital cases (Madagascar), 1.4–2.0% (Seychelles) and <5.0% in Djibouti. It is also observed that >50% of the populations in eastern Africa region lack improved drinking water sources or sanitation facilities. This may account for the observed high prevalence of the diseases. The author also suggests likely underestimation of the prevalence as most waterborne parasitic diseases are neglected and cases likely only recorded and left unpublished in health facilities. Thus for a thorough mapping of burdens of these diseases, grey literature, including hospital records must be reviewed while interventions focusing on improved water and sanitation are likely to reduce the burden considerably.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and pattern of waterborne parasitic infections in eastern Africa: A systematic scoping review

Ngowi

2020

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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“…35 Previous studies have demonstrated high prevalences of S. haematobium among local residents of Somalia (25-89%) and Kenya (30-60%). [5][6][7][8] Additionally, schistosomal infections may pose a significant health threat to short-term sojourners in endemic areas; immuno-naive populations with light schistosome infections can develop severe neurologic sequelae. 36 Among the enhanced health assessment group who were tested, low levels of hematuria and schistosomal eggs in urine (or stool) likely indicate that the prevalences of active and high-intensity schistosomiasis infections were low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8] Because of these observations, the objectives of the enhanced health assessment strategy were to 1) estimate the prevalence of malaria, intestinal parasites, and schistosomiasis based on a subgroup of the population of Barawan refugees seeking resettlement to the United States during 1997; 2) evaluate the need for pre-embarkation therapies based on these prevalences; 3) perform a rapid assessment of the effectiveness of antimalarial therapy among this group of refugees; and 4) evaluate the diagnostic capability of the local laboratory.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria, intestinal parasites, and schistosomiasis among Barawan Somali refugees resettling to the United States: a strategy to reduce morbidity and decrease the risk of imported infections.

Miller¹,

Boyd²,

Ostrowski³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. In 1997, enhanced health assessments were performed for 390 (10%) of approximately 4,000 Barawan refugees resettling to the United States. Of the refugees who received enhanced assessments, 26 (7%) had malaria parasitemia and 128 (38%) had intestinal parasites, while only 2 (2%) had Schistosoma haematobium eggs in the urine. Mass therapy for malaria (a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine) was given to all Barawan refugees 1-2 days before resettlement. Refugees Ͼ2 years of age and nonpregnant women received a single oral dose of 600 mg albendazole for intestinal parasite therapy. If mass therapy had not been provided, upon arrival in the United States an estimated 280 (7%) refugees would have had malaria infections and 1,500 (38%) would have had intestinal parasites. We conclude that enhanced health assessments provided rapid on-site assessment of parasite prevalence and helped decrease morbidity among Barawan refugees, as well as, the risk of imported infections.

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“…11 However, review of the tropical medicine literature reveals that S. haematobium is endemic to Somalia and presents a long-standing health problem there. 9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Shifting demographics In the United States, it is estimated that at least 400,000 individuals are infected. Most of these are immigrants, but travelers including military, expatriates, and civilian contractors have been infected as well.…”

Section: Endemic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis - An Unusual Cause of Ureteral Obstruction: A Case History and Perspective

Neal¹

2004

Clinical Medicine & Research

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Prevalence ofSchistosoma haematobiumin the Koryole and Merca Districts of the Somali Democratic Republic

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence and pattern of waterborne parasitic infections in eastern Africa: A systematic scoping review

Prevalence and pattern of waterborne parasitic infections in eastern Africa: A systematic scoping review

Malaria, intestinal parasites, and schistosomiasis among Barawan Somali refugees resettling to the United States: a strategy to reduce morbidity and decrease the risk of imported infections.

Schistosomiasis - An Unusual Cause of Ureteral Obstruction: A Case History and Perspective

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