Prevalence of invehicle smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in Uruguay

Llambí, Laura; Barros, Mary; Parodi, Carolina; Pippo, Antonella; Núñez, Virginia Sáez; Colomar, Mercedes; Ciganda, Álvaro; Cavalleri, Fiorella; Goyeneche, Juan J; Alemán, Alicia

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054092

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…With three cigarettes smoked, the front and back seat increases were 549 and 432 µg/m 3 , respectively. Multiple other studies confirm and discuss that air pollutants from car smoking rise above standards by the US EPA and WHO and produce several dangerous peak air pollution levels [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. These levels are extreme enough to cause acute symptoms in children and, therefore, should prompt immediate steps to establish restrictions on smoking in cars with child/adolescent passengers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Air Pollution inside Vehicles: Making a Bad Situation Worse

Charoenca,

Hamann,

Kungskulniti

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Thailand has successfully forwarded Article 8, Protection from Exposure to Tobacco Smoke, of the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). It achieved its 100% smoke-free goals in public places in 2010, next pursuing other bans in outdoor places to lower particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5). Our aim was to expose the secondhand smoke levels in vehicles since SHS is a danger to everyone, but especially to children and youth. This is the first experimental study of its kind in Thailand. We measured PM2.5 for 20 min under four conditions in 10 typical Thai vehicles, including commonly used sedans and small pickup trucks. We used an established protocol with two real-time air monitoring instruments to record PM2.5 increases with different vehicle air exchange and air conditioning conditions. Monitoring was recorded in the vehicle’s front and back seats. The most common Thai ventilation condition is all windows closed with fan/air conditioning (AC) in operation because of Thai tropical conditions. Mean exposure levels were three and nearly five times (49 and 72 μg/m3) the 24 h WHO standard of 15 μg/m3 in the back and front seats, respectively. These high PM2.5 exposure levels warrant action to limit vehicle smoking for public health protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Air Pollution inside Vehicles: Making a Bad Situation Worse

Charoenca,

Hamann,

Kungskulniti

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…The SILNE-R study on seven European cities found, for instance, that SHS exposure in cars on at least one day in the last week was reported, on average, by 22% of 14- to 17-year-old adolescents, while, in the German city of Hanover, 19% of this age group reported an identical prevalence [ 5 ], comparable to our study on the general German population. Additionally, across other high-income countries, approximately one fifth of youths [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 35 ] and adults [ 6 ] report SHS exposure in cars or at home [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in small, enclosed spaces has serious health effects (e.g., decreased lung function, asthma, persistent wheezing, sudden infant death) [ 1 , 2 ]. Currently, about 20% of adolescents [ 3 , 4 , 5 ] and adults [ 6 ] across high-income countries are exposed to SHS exposure in small, enclosed spaces such as cars or at their homes [ 7 ]. SHS exposure in indoor settings (e.g., in the private vehicle) is comparable to airborne concentration in indoor smoking bars, although atmospheric and biological markers of SHS concentration may be—in the case of private vehicles, for instance—mediated by the air conditioning, extent of airflow, and number of inches the windows are open [ 1 , 2 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Tobacco Smoking in Vehicles, Indoor, and Outdoor Settings in Germany: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Mlinarić

Kastaun

Kotz

2022

IJERPH

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Little is known on whether secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in vehicles, indoor, and outdoor settings is similarly patterned in terms of different socio-epidemiological indicators in Germany. This study aims to estimate the current national-level prevalence and associated socio-epidemiological indicators of SHS exposure in vehicles, indoor, and outdoor settings in the German population, using current data from a representative household survey. We used cross-sectional data (N = 3928 respondents aged 14–99 years) from two waves of the DEBRA survey (German Study on Tobacco Use), conducted between January and March 2020. The reported prevalence of SHS exposure during the last seven days was 19% in vehicles, 25% in indoor settings, and 43% in outdoor settings. We found that younger age and current smoking were consistently associated with higher SHS exposure. Furthermore, people with low education were more likely to be exposed to SHS in vehicles and indoor settings than people with high education. This study found that the prevalence of SHS exposure in vehicles, indoor, and outdoor settings is a relevant feature of everyday life in Germany, especially for younger people and people with lower education, leading to potentially persistent socioeconomic and tobacco-attributable inequalities in morbidity and mortality.

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“…De acuerdo a un estudio reciente de nuestro equipo, en Uruguay, se estima que en 12% a 19% de los vehículos se fuma, y en un tercio existe otro individuo expuesto a HSM (15) . El reconocimiento de este problema y la obtención de datos objetivos sobre los niveles de concentración de HSM en autos servirán para impulsar la adopción de nuevas medidas de control de tabaco y a la autorregulación de la población en el cuidado de su salud, confiriéndole a este estudio relevancia tanto científica como social.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Humo de tabaco en vehículos: medición de partículas de materia 2,5 micras

Pippo

Llambí

Parodi

et al. 2018

RMU

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Introducción: proteger a la población del humo de segunda mano (HSM) es uno de los principios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en el marco del control del tabaco. Existen pocos datos acerca de la exposición de HSM en vehículos en América del Sur. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de dicha exposición. Materiales y método: se midieron niveles de micropartículas de materia de 2,5 micras de diámetro (PM2,5) que vehiculizan el HSM en la vía aérea, en modelos expertimentales en autos de fumadores y no fumadores. Resultados: la media de la concentración de PM2,5 fue de 181 mg/m 3 en los autos de fumadores y de 0 mg/m 3 en los autos de no fumadores (p <0,001). La máxima concentración fue de 2.900 mg/m 3 en un auto de fumador estacionado con la ventanilla del conductor parcialmente abierta. Conclusiones: las concentraciones de PM2,5 en vehículos en los que se fuma alcanzó niveles altos, similares a los que se encuentran en ciertos países con políticas de control de tabaco débiles. Este hecho determina la necesidad de nuevas políticas públicas para eliminar el HSM de los vehículos para proteger la salud pública.

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Prevalence of invehicle smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in Uruguay

Abstract: Smoking was estimated to occur in 12%-19% of vehicles, with involuntary exposure in one of three of vehicles observed. These data underscore a need for new public policies to eliminate SHS in vehicles to protect public health.

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Air Pollution inside Vehicles: Making a Bad Situation Worse

Air Pollution inside Vehicles: Making a Bad Situation Worse

Exposure to Tobacco Smoking in Vehicles, Indoor, and Outdoor Settings in Germany: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Humo de tabaco en vehículos: medición de partículas de materia 2,5 micras

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