Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in North East India

Abstract

Aim: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North East India Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is an increasingly prevalent condition which predisposes the individual to diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is made as per the AHA/NHLBI 2005 criteria. As per this criteria, metabolic syndrome can be diagnosed by the presence of any 3 of the ve factors (elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL-C, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting glucose). This study is being conducted to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 100 adult patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Physical examination was conducted including BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure. Blood samples were collected after 14 hours fasting for estimation of serum fasting glucose, serum HDL-C, serum LDL-C, serum triglyceride (TG) and serum cholesterol. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the study subjects was accordingly calculated. Results: Among the participants, 57 % were males and 43 % were females. The median age was 57 years (range from 34-78 years). 67% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study had metabolic syndrome while 33% did not have metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among males and females was 61% and 74% respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is quite high among patients with diabetes mellitus. Increased waist circumference was the most common abnormal parameter among others for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Application of lower cut-off values for waist circumference among Asians may help in increasing the diagnostic yield.