Introduction: After December 2019, the word “COVID” became the nightmare to the civilisation. As per the nomenclature laid by World Health Organisation (WHO), the disease is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the causative virus is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARSCoV-2). By August 11th 2021, the virus caused around 43 lac deaths with an infection burden of approximately 20.3 crore worldwide. Many studies are published from most of the corners of the world regarding clinical features, laboratory parameters and radiological features of the disease to identify the infection at an early stage. Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are among the most commonly studied parameters in COVID-19, though in India, a smaller number of studies were done in this regard. As the disease itself is new to the medical fraternity, maximum studies were done with small sample size which requires more studies to confirm the findings. Aim: To find out the association of on-admission serum LDH and qualitative CRP with the severity of the disease. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational study conducted for three months from May to July 2021. A 114 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 patients were included as per the inclusion-exclusion criteria of which 57 were from Intensive Care Unit (ICU), considered as ‘severe’ patients and 57 from ward, taken as ‘non severe’ patients. Required blood parameters including LDH and CRP values were obtained from Laboratory Information System (LIS) and clinical data was obtained from hospital database. The values were analysed using statistical software. Results: Present study showed significant difference in values of LDH among ICU and ward patients (p=0.0001), also significant difference of CRP positive percentage between these two groups (p=0.0003) was observed. Conclusion: Present study concluded that on-admission LDH and CRP can be used as a marker of severity in COVID-19 disease.

Aim: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North East India Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is an increasingly prevalent condition which predisposes the individual to diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is made as per the AHA/NHLBI 2005 criteria. As per this criteria, metabolic syndrome can be diagnosed by the presence of any 3 of the ve factors (elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL-C, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting glucose). This study is being conducted to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 100 adult patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Physical examination was conducted including BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure. Blood samples were collected after 14 hours fasting for estimation of serum fasting glucose, serum HDL-C, serum LDL-C, serum triglyceride (TG) and serum cholesterol. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the study subjects was accordingly calculated. Results: Among the participants, 57 % were males and 43 % were females. The median age was 57 years (range from 34-78 years). 67% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study had metabolic syndrome while 33% did not have metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among males and females was 61% and 74% respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is quite high among patients with diabetes mellitus. Increased waist circumference was the most common abnormal parameter among others for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Application of lower cut-off values for waist circumference among Asians may help in increasing the diagnostic yield.

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common and dreadful complication of uncontrolled diabetic mellitus, which can eventually lead to blindness. Diabetic retinopathy is classified into two stages, non-proliferative and proliferative. This study was carried out to find the serum uric acid levels and glycaemic status of diabetic retinopathy cases in proliferative and nonproliferative phases. The present study was undertaken to evaluate and to assess the relationship of these factors with progress of retinopathy, both from diabetics without retinopathy to diabetic retinopathy and from non-proliferative to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The study was carried out on 90 individuals consisting of 30 normal healthy cases as control and 60 cases of diabetes mellitus as test subjects. The test group was further subdivided into test group I comprising of controlled cases of Diabetic mellitus and test group II which included uncontrolled cases of Diabetes mellitus with retinopathy. Estimation of HbA1c was done using spectrophotometer (Spectra scan UV2600) and rest of the biochemical tests including serum uric acid was done by colorimetric principle in a colorimeter HbA1c% and serum uric acid levels were compared with controls and test group I and test group II by unpaired 't' test HbA/c%, serum uric acid level and duration with retinopathy was assessed by chi-square test. The results were taken as significant when the probability (p) is less than 0.05 as % of the observing values of 't' at a particular degree of freedom.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with signicant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of Diabetes mellitus causing blindness. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin involved in maintenance of mineral homeostasis and bone remodelling. Vitamin D deciency is highly prevalent in type I and type II Diabetes. 38 diabetic without ocular disease a METHOD: nd 30 diabetic with retinopathy were taken as cases and 38 age sex matched healthy persons were taken as controls. Serum Vit D and glucose were estimated and retinopathy was diagnosed by fundus examination. The results were statistically analysed. Statistica RESULTS: l analysis of the results shows a negative correlation between FBS and HbA1C with Vitamin D level in diabetic retinopathy patients. Patients CONCLUSION: with Diabetic retinopathy has lower serum Vitamin D level than diabetic patients without retinopathy.