Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Ecuador

Abad, Patricio; Pérez, María; Castro, Esteban Ron; Alarcón, T.; Santibáñez, Rocío; Díaz, Francisco

doi:10.1016/s2173-5808(10)70058-4

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Latitude has an undisputed effect on the prevalence of MS, which increases with distance from the equator, in both the northern and southern hemispheres, at a world level [ 31 ], at a continental level, as in Europe [ 65 , 91 ], as well as in very large countries, such as the USA [ 66 ] and Australia [ 117 ], and even in smaller countries, such as New Zealand [ 112 ] or France [ 30 , 129 ]. In contrast, very low prevalences of MS are observed in tropical regions, for example in Ecuador [ 1 ], even though the protective effect of such regions appears to be nowadays slightly attenuated, likely due to changes in life style [ 3 ]. One can also see—at comparable latitudes—that the degree of sunlight in a given region or type of habitat (e.g., in Switzerland, in the mountains compared to lowland areas) is correlated with the prevalence of MS [ 64 , 116 , 119 , 120 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical implications of a possible role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis

Pierrot‐Deseilligny

2009

J Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypovitaminosis D is currently one of the most studied environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS) and is potentially the most promising in terms of new clinical implications. These practical consequences, which could be applied to MS patients without further delay, constitute the main purpose of this review. Vitamin D is involved in a number of important general actions, which were not even suspected until quite recently. In particular, this vitamin could play an immunomodulatory role in the central nervous system. Many and varied arguments support a significant role for vitamin D in MS. In animal studies, vitamin D prevents and improves experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Epidemiologically, latitude, past exposure to sun and the serum level of vitamin D influence the risk of MS, with, furthermore, significant links existing between these different factors. Clinically, most MS patients have low serum levels of vitamin D and are in a state of insufficiency or even deficiency compared to the international norm, which has been established on a metabolic basis. Large therapeutic trials using vitamin D are still lacking but the first results of phase I/II studies are promising. In the meantime, while awaiting the results of future therapeutic trials, it can no longer be ignored that many MS patients have a lack of vitamin D, which could be detected by a serum titration and corrected using an appropriate vitamin D supplementation in order to restore their serum level to within the normal range. From a purely medical point of view, vitamin D supplementation appears in this light to be unavoidable in order to improve the general state of these patients. Furthermore, it cannot currently be ruled out that this supplementation could also be neurologically beneficial.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical implications of a possible role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis

Pierrot‐Deseilligny

2009

J Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It lies 432 km south of Quito, the capital of Ecuador, latitude 0 ( Figure 1). [8][9][10][11][12][13] The ethnic composition of this city has a majority of mestizos, followed by Caucasians and a minority composed of Amerindians and Afro-Ecuadorians (Figure 1). 13 In Cuenca, the healthcare system is made up of three providers: the Social Security Fund, which covers 50% of the work force and their beneficiaries; the private healthcare service, which covers 3% of workers with medium and high incomes; and the Ministry of Health, which covers the rest of the population.…”

Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are cities such as Quito and Lima with low prevalence rates of MS (5.05 and 7.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively). [4][5][6][7][8] In recent years there has been an increase in the prevalence of MS in certain regions of LA and Europe. However, an increase in prevalence has not been demonstrated in every study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12] In Ecuador a cross-sectional study conducted a decade ago showed that MS prevalence in Cuenca was 0.75 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. 8 Since then, new epidemiological studies have not been carried out and we do not know if this prevalence has increased as it has in other regions of the world. The objective of this study is to update the prevalence of MS in Cuenca and compare these results with those published in the previous study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca, Ecuador

Correa-Díaz¹,

Ortiz

Toral³

et al. 2019

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Cl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Cuenca, a city in the Andean Region of southern Ecuador, has 591,996 inhabitants. A decade-old study showed the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca was 0.75 cases per 100,000 inhabitants but no new epidemiological studies in this city have been performed since then. The aim of this study, conducted in 2016, was to update the prevalence records of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca. Methods: We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study in which we investigated prevalence rates in November of 2016. We estimated the prevalence of multiple sclerosis by cross-matching registries from the two neurological referral hospitals in Cuenca. Results: A total of 23 records were obtained from the two sources. The estimated prevalence was 3.88 per 100,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval: 3.83-3.94). The disease was predominant among women (60%). The mean age of this cohort was 37 years (standard deviation AE12.4). Of the cases, 78% were relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score was 2.5. Conclusions: This study is an update to the first study conducted 10 years ago and shows the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca has increased. However, the prevalence of multiple sclerosis is still low and very similar to that reported in neighbouring countries.

show abstract

“…The prevalence of MS in the world varies and depends on geographical location. Its prevalence varies between 5.05/100,000 in Ecuador (2) and 80/100,000 individuals in Europe (3) and in Iran, the age ranges 16-35, 14/100,000 (4). Isfahan City in Iran has the highest level of prevalence of MS diseases (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Aquatic Exercise and Swimming on Standing Stability of Three Different Clinical Forms of Multiple Sclerosis

Karimi¹,

Marvi-Esfahani²

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective It was a survey of the effect of a combined program of aquatic exercise and swimming on standing stability of three different clinical forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Design 31 MS subjects were divided into three groups, based on spasticity, ataxia and ataxic-spastic syndromes. Standing stability was assessed in open and closed eyes conditions in quiet standing by use of Kistler force platform. The Ashworth Scale and Brief Ataxia Rating Scale (BARS) were used to determine the rate of spasticity and ataxia rating, respectively. All patients participated in the intervention (3 sessions in week for 2 months). All tests repeated after the exercise. Paired t-test and ANOVAs (repeated measure) were used to determine the effects of exercise on standing stability parameters. Result The total path length of center of pressure (eyes open position) before intervention was 1415.5±575.75mm, 1216.4±817.38mm and 1662.3±540.27mm compared to 1119.7±435.51mm, 655.53±256.31mm and 1169.6±369.67mm after intervention in ataxic, spastic and ataxic-spastic subjects, respectively (p<0.04). The rate of spasticity, EDSS and BARS decreased after the exercise program (p<0.05). Conclusion Aquatic exercise and swimming skill improved MS subjects' standing stability. Therefore, they are recommended to use the aquatic training as a complement treatment aside from medication treatments.

show abstract

Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Ecuador

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Clinical implications of a possible role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis

Clinical implications of a possible role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis

Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca, Ecuador

The Effect of Aquatic Exercise and Swimming on Standing Stability of Three Different Clinical Forms of Multiple Sclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About