Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults From Rural and Urban Areas of the United States: Findings From NHANES (2005‐2008)

Befort, Christie A.; Nazir, Niaman; Perri, Michael G.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2012.00411.x

Cited by 493 publications

(489 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Still, some studies show that rural residents may experience decreased life expectancy and increased all-cause and disease-specific mortality, particularly with respect to some cancers, compared to urban residents (Singh and Siahpush 2014a, b;LeVault et al 2014;Colli et al 2009;Cole et al 2012;Colleran et al 2007;Singh 2012;Fogleman et al 2015). Some incidence and mortality differences may be attributed to the increased prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol use in many rural areas (Befort et al 2012;Doescher et al 2006;Jackson et al 2005Jackson et al , 2006. Alternatively, the history and geography of many rural American communities are suitable for an underlying genetic heterogeneity in disease susceptibility to arise due to possible founder effects and relative geographic isolation (Jenkins et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging rural communities in genetic research: challenges and opportunities

et al. 2017

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Statistical analyses of health and disease in rural communities is frequently limited by low sample counts. Still, some studies indicate increased risk for some diseases even after adjustment for known risk factors. It has been hypothesized that the context of community formation in rural areas facilitates the propagation of genetic founder effectspotentially impacting disease susceptibility. However, outright examination of genetic diversity in such communities has not been performed. Our objective was to engage otherwise research-inexperienced rural communities of largely European descent in genomic research in the context of cancer susceptibility. From September 2015 to February 2016, we implemented a systematic process of progressive community engagement. This iterative method sought project buy-in from first the town mayor, then village council. If approved by both, a focus group of community members examined how residents might view the research, informed consent and specimen collection, and issues of privacy. We were successful in engaging three of the four communities approached for the research project. There was universal enthusiasm for the project by all mayors and village councils. The focus groups' main point of discussion involved wording in the informed consent, with little concern regarding the research question or privacy. Perhaps contrary to popular thought, we found each community we approached to be both welcoming and enthusiastic about collaborating in research on genomic diversity. The systematic method of engagement did much to preserve community respect and autonomy and facilitated buy-in.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging rural communities in genetic research: challenges and opportunities

et al. 2017

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“…Similarly, geographic disparity exists in weight status, with national estimates for obesity being higher in rural regions of the USA compared with urban areas (2,3) . Data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicated that the obesity prevalence in rural areas was 39·6 % compared with 33·4 % in urban areas (3) . Dietary intake remains an important focus in the prevention of overweight and obesity.…”

Section: African American Validity Fat Intake Fruit and Vegetable Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Relative validation of fruit and vegetable intake and fat intake among overweight and obese African-American women

Alcantara

Haardörfer

Gazmararian

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To compare commonly used dietary screeners for fat intake and fruit and vegetable intake with 24 h dietary recalls among low-income, overweight and obese African-American women. Design: Three telephone interviews were completed; measures included two 24 h dietary recalls (a weekday and weekend day) using the Nutrition Data System for Research software, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's (BRFSS) Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Module and the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Percentage Energy from Fat Screener. Setting: Participants were recruited from three federally qualified health centres in south-west Georgia, USA. Subjects: Participants (n 260) were African-American women ranging in age from 35 to 65 years. About half were unemployed (49·6 %) and 58·7 % had a highschool education or less. Most were obese (88·5 %), with 39·6 % reporting a BMI ≥ 40·0 kg/m 2 . Results: Mean fruit and vegetable intake reported from the 24 h dietary recall was 2·66 servings/d compared with 2·79 servings/d with the BRFSS measure. The deattenuated Pearson correlation was 0·22, with notable variation by weight status, education level and age. Mean percentage of energy from fat was 35·5 % as reported from the 24 h dietary recall, compared with 33·0 % as measured by the NCI fat screener. The deattenuated Pearson correlation was 0·38, also with notable variation by weight status, education level and age. Conclusions: Validity of brief dietary intake measures may vary by demographic characteristics of the sample. Additional measurement work may be needed to accurately measure dietary intake in obese African-American women. Keywords African American Validity Fat intake Fruit and vegetable intakeSignificant racial and ethnic disparities in overweight and obesity prevalence exist, with higher age-adjusted prevalence among non-Hispanic blacks (76·7 %) and Hispanics (78·8 %) compared with non-Hispanic whites (66·7 %) (1) . Non-Hispanic black women aged 40 years or older are particularly affected by the overweight and obesity epidemic, with 87·7 % of 40-59-year-olds being overweight or obese compared with 61·3 % of nonHispanic whites and 86·4 % of those aged 60 years and over being overweight or obese compared with 71·6 % of non-Hispanic whites (1) . Additionally, non-Hispanic black women have a higher combined prevalence of class II (BMI ≥ 35·0 kg/m 2 ) and class III obesity (BMI ≥ 40·0 kg/m 2 ) compared with non-Hispanic whites, with 26·0 % classified as class II and III obese compared with 14·4 %, respectively (1) . Similarly, geographic disparity exists in weight status, with national estimates for obesity being higher in rural regions of the USA compared with urban areas (2,3) . Data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicated that the obesity prevalence in rural areas was 39·6 % compared with 33·4 % in urban areas (3) . Dietary intake remains an important focus in the prevention of overweight and obesity. Consumption of less energy and fatty foods, and more fruits and v...

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“…Indeed, the obesity prevalence rate was 39.6 percent of rural adults compared to 33.4 percent of urban adults, and remained significantly higher even after controlling for demographic, diet, and physical activity (Befort, Nazir, & Perri, 2012). Even for children, living in rural versus metropolitan areas was associated with being overweight or obese (Lutfiyya, Lipsky, Wisdom-Behounek, & Inpanbutr-Martinkus, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%