Prevalence of obesity and hypertension among adults in Ogbomoso, Nigeria

Abstract

Developing countries are now witnessing an increase in overweight; obesity and obesity-related morbidity. We determined the prevalence of obesity using the measure of body mass index (BMI) and hypertension and the association between obesity and hypertension among adults in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 400 adults was carried out. Participants were administered a standardized questionnaire and had measurements of weight, height and blood pressure taken. Four hundred subjects were randomly selected (221 females and 179 males) with a mean age of 48.65 ± 16.56 years. The overall prevalence of obesity was 14.75% (8.9% for males and 19.5% for females). In addition, 62.4% of the females were sedentary as compared to 50.8% of the males and the difference is statistically significant. The families of most of the subjects who were obese (88.1%) preferred high calorie diets. The prevalence of hypertension among the study population was 50.5% [49.3% for female and 52.0% for males (p>0.05)]. The prevalence of hypertension among the subjects who were obese was 72.9%. Obesity in this environment is particularly significant among females and is associated with hypertension, physical inactivity and the consumption of high calorie diets.

High blood pressure in a semi-urban community in south-south Nigeria: a community - based study

“…The obesity prevalence of 17.2% is lower than the 19.2 % and 22.6% observed by Ulasi et al in a semi-urban community and among market workers respectively 12 . However, the data showed that BMI is a positive predictor of high BP, OR 1.08, (CI 1.03, 1.13. p=0.001), which is similar to the finding from several other studies 12,16,17,25,26 .…”

“…Several other studies have recorded lower prevalence rates of high BP in Nigeria, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] other West African countries 23,24 and even East Africa 25 . However, in a facility based study in south west Nigeria, 50.5% of the adults who attended the health facility were found to have high BP 26 , also economically developed countries have documented prevalence as high as 50% 27 , and 49.4% of residents in a rural community in Spain had high BP 25 . The high prevalence of high BP noticed in this study is a reflection of the increasing prevalence of hypertension that is occurring in all regions of the world.…”

Double Burden of Malnutrition among Undergraduates in Ogun State Nigeria

“…Perez-Cueto et al [26] in a study among 15-19 year old Jamaicans revealed that high waist circumference was 10% and this results is similar to the findings of this study. Amole et al [9] also showed that the prevalence of high waist circumference was 33.8% among adults in Ogbomosho.…”

“…when caloric intake exceeds energy expenditure [3], [4]. This leads to excessive accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue of the body and this is associated with and predisposes to the development of Non Communicable Diseases (CVD) such as Type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, stroke, hypertension, different types of cancers, asthma, other respiratory diseases, increased morbidity and mortality [2]- [3], [5]- [9].…”

“…Africa, a continent usually synonymous with hunger, is falling prey to obesity [14]. The transition to the double burden of malnutrition in the developing countries of the world has been linked to unplanned urbanization, industrialization, globalization and economic development with exposure to and consumption of high fat and refined foods, tobacco, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity [3]- [6], [7]- [9].…”