Developing countries are now witnessing an increase in overweight; obesity and obesity-related morbidity. We determined the prevalence of obesity using the measure of body mass index (BMI) and hypertension and the association between obesity and hypertension among adults in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 400 adults was carried out. Participants were administered a standardized questionnaire and had measurements of weight, height and blood pressure taken. Four hundred subjects were randomly selected (221 females and 179 males) with a mean age of 48.65 ± 16.56 years. The overall prevalence of obesity was 14.75% (8.9% for males and 19.5% for females). In addition, 62.4% of the females were sedentary as compared to 50.8% of the males and the difference is statistically significant. The families of most of the subjects who were obese (88.1%) preferred high calorie diets. The prevalence of hypertension among the study population was 50.5% [49.3% for female and 52.0% for males (p>0.05)]. The prevalence of hypertension among the subjects who were obese was 72.9%. Obesity in this environment is particularly significant among females and is associated with hypertension, physical inactivity and the consumption of high calorie diets.

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ABSTRACT:Hypertension is now being widely reported in Africa and it is a major factor in the high mortality of adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Unfortunately hypertension is often unnoticed and undiagnosed because it is usually asymptomatic. As such, many people with hypertension are unaware of their condition. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and related risk factors and to assess the level of awareness of hypertensive status among the health workers. This study is a descriptive survey carried out among the health workers at the Baptist Medical Centre Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A total of 324 consenting health workers of the institution were enrolled for the study. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data. Measurements of blood pressure, weight and height were carried out and body mass indices were calculated.The prevalence of hypertension is 20.1% in the studied population. A strong association was found between the prevalence of hypertension and increasing age, body mass index, alcohol consumption and duration of employment. Awareness of hypertensive status was good as 64.7% of the hypertensive subjects in this study were aware of their status.There is a higher awareness of hypertensive status among the health workers in this study than in the general populace. Approximately a third of the health workers were however unaware of their hypertensive status. This demonstrates the asymptomatic nature of the disease and as such routine screening is very important even among health workers.

Background: Economic development and urbanization in many developing countries has led to a nutritional transition characterized by a shift to a higher caloric content of diet and/or to the reduction of physical activity, and whose consequences are changes in the body composition of the individuals and elevated blood lipid levels. This study's aim was to determine the lipid profile and to determine if there is any association between lipid profile and abdominal obesity among adults attending the outpatient clinic at the Baptist Medical Centre, Ogbomoso, a semi urban environment. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 400 adults aged 18 years and above was carried out. Participants were administered a standardized questionnaire and had measurements of waist circumference and serum lipids taken. Results: Four hundred subjects were randomly selected (221 females and 179 males) with a mean age of 48.65 ± 16.56 years. The mean total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were 3.78 ± 1.07 mmol/L, 1.18 ± 1.02 mmol/L, 0.97 ± 0.58 mmol/L and 2.15 ± 0.86 mmol/L respectively. The prevalence of abdominal obesity among the study population was 33.75%. The subjects who had abdominal obesity had the highest mean values for total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol. The mean values of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol obtained among the physically inactive subjects were higher than those of the subjects who were physically active. Conclusion: Higher mean values for total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDLcholesterol were found among the subjects who had abdominal obesity and those who were physically inactive in Ogbomoso.

Background: Dental treatment of anxious patients induces stress due to the patients' expectation of pain. This may prolong treatment due to such patients' inability to cooperate during treatment. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dental anxiety on surgical time of mandibular third molar (M3) disimpactions at a Nigerian hospital. Subjects and Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Oral Surgery clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, between October 2016 and September 2017 to assess the effect of dental anxiety on surgical time of M3 disimpactions using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). The Patients' biodata, clinical and M3 radiologic data were recorded. Surgical durations were also recorded. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows (IBM statistics 23 software). Results: One hundred and sixteen subjects (64 males, 52 females) were studied. Forty-two subjects (36.2%) were mildly anxious, 67 (57.8%) were moderately anxious, and 7 (6.0%) were highly anxious. The females were more anxious and the overall surgical time (OST) of disimpaction correlated with the anxiety levels of the subjects. The OST increased by approximately 0.8 min with every unit rise in the anxiety score. Other factors that affected OST in the study were M3 depth, type of impaction, and root curvature. Conclusion: The patients' dental anxiety increased the surgical time of M3 disimpactions. Clinicians should consider the patients' anxiety among the factors that affect the surgical time of M3 disimpactions. Verbally soothing anxious patients and administering anxiolytic when necessary, may help to reduce the patients' anxiety, and hence, prevent surgical time prolongation.