Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Obese Individuals in Ahmedabad - An Observational Study

Abstract

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by partial or complete narrowing of the pharyngeal airway during sleep, resulting in repeated episodes of airflow cessation, oxygen desaturation, and sleep interruption. Obesity is the most powerful risk factor for OSA. Obesity structurally increases the collapsibility of the pharyngeal airway due to excessive fat deposition. Prevalence of obesity in India is 40.3%. STOP-BANG questionnaire (SBQ) is a concise, effective, and reliable OSA screening tool. The purpose of this study was to find the prevalence of OSA among obese individuals in Ahmedabad by using SBQ. Method: Approval of the ethical committee was taken. Using Convenient sampling method Selection of 204 subjects according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria has been done. After taken written informed consent from the subject Screening of all subject has been done. BMI More than 25kg/m2, Age ≥18 years, both male and female and non-alcoholics were included. Not willing to participate and subjects unable to understand were excluded. Statistical analysis was done. Then prevalence has been ruled out. Results: All data analysis was performed using SPSS 16. It was found that the prevalence of OSA was highest in Obese class-3 (84.61%), age group of 50–59 (85.29%) and male gender (71.42%). According to Chi –Square test, Association was found with male gender, age more than 50 years, and body mass index >30kg/m2. Conclusion: 204 subjects taken for study showed prevalence of OSA among obese in Ahmedabad is 69.11%. It was also found that prevalence rate was 5.12% higher in obese males than females. Key words: Prevalence, Obstructive sleep apnea, Obese, Ahmedabad.