Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of both OSA and metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide, in part linked to the epidemic of obesity. Beyond their epidemiologic relationship, growing evidence suggests that OSA may be causally related to metabolic syndrome. We are only beginning to understand the potential mechanisms underlying the OSA-metabolic syndrome interaction. Objectives were to study the clinical prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in metabolic syndrome; and to find risk factors associated with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).Methods: 50 patients attending various OPDs of a tertiary care research and referral hospital and found to have metabolic syndrome on the basis of NCEP criteria were selected. These patients were subjected to overnight polysomnography. Parameters such as apnea-hypopnoea index (AHI), respiratory efforts related arousals (RERA), minimum SpO2, pulse rate, blood pressure, and ECG were monitored throughout the study.Results: Central obesity was found in 34 patients, xanthelasmas in 12 patients and xanthomas in 08 patients. Pitting type of pedal oedema was noted in 14 patients. Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) was calculated in all the patients by interviewing them before the polysomnography. Most of the patients have ESS Score more than 11.03 out of 50 patients were found to have AHI<5.20 patients were found to have moderate AHI (AHI 15-30) whereas 22 were found to have severe AHI.Conclusions: Polysomnography provides a valuable tool to access non symptomatic sleep disordered breathing at an early stage in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea in metabolic syndrome

“…In this study, a significant correlation was found between uncontrolled blood glucose and the severity of OSA. [16] In another study, the mean FBS in patients with OSA was 135.45 mg/dL, which was significantly higher than in subjects without OSA (109.37 mg/dL). [9] Perez et al .…”

“…In the study by Dubey et al ., the mean systolic BPs in patients with no OSA, mild, moderate, and severe OSA were 142, 145.2, 147.81, and 153.18 mmHg, respectively; and the mean diastolic BPs in these patients were 88, 91.2, 93.9, and 97.82 mmHg, respectively, reflecting higher values in patients with OSA than in those without OSA. [16] In another study, the mean systolic BP in patients with OSA was 146.81 mmHg, which was significantly higher than in patients without OSA (125 mmHg). [9] Similar results were found in studies conducted by Perez et al .…”

“…also noted similar findings; the mean serum TG levels in patients with mild, moderate, and severe OSA were 172.6, 180.86, and 214.91 mg/dL, respectively. [16] In another study, the mean serum TG in patients with OSA was 170.31 mg/dL, which was significantly higher than in subjects without OSA (151.12). [9] Nadeem et al .…”

Is obstructive sleep apnea the missing link between metabolic syndrome and second-generation antipsychotics: Preliminary study

“…[ 15 ] The reverse association is also true, and 90% of participants having metabolic syndrome have been reported to have comorbid OSA. [ 16 ] Thus, we have robust evidence regarding the coexistence of metabolic syndrome and OSA.…”

Moving beyond the metabolic syndrome: syndrome Z in Indian subcontinent: a case report and review of literature

“…17 Iyer et al also observed that the association of sleep disorders with obesity and metabolic syndrome demands sleep history to be recorded and polysomnography performed in these patients. 18 Diagnosis of sleep disordered breathing will pave the way for better management and possibly reversal of metabolic errors.…”