Prevalence of Parental refusal rate and its associated factors in routine immunization by using WHO Vaccine Hesitancy tool: A Cross sectional study at district Bannu, KP, Pakistan

Khattak, Farhad Ali; Rehman, Khalid; Shahzad, Muhammad; Arif, Numan; Ullah, Naeem; Kibria, Zeeshan; Arshad, Muhammad; Afaq, Saima; Ibrahimzai, Arsalan Khan; Haq, Zia Ul

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.029

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Vaccine hesitancy is a universal phenomenon that exists in both developed and developing countries (Khattak et al, 2021 ). About 90% of the countries reported some degree of vaccine hesitance (Murphy et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Covid‐19 Vaccine Hesitancy In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If vaccine coverage is increased with effectiveness, it can save a further 3.5–4.5 million deaths globally. The 34 billion USD investment on the expansion of global outreach for vaccinations could save 586 billion USD against direct costs of illness, which could benefit further 1.5 trillion USD in larger economic benefits (Khattak et al, 2021 ). RAND Corporation estimates a USD 3.4 trillion annual worldwide economic impact of COVID‐19 and a USD 1.2 trillion annual loss to the global economy due to unequal distribution of COVID‐19 vaccine (Hafner & Stolk, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccination‐hesitancy and vaccination‐inequality as challenges in Pakistan's COVID‐19 response

Perveen

Akram

Nasar

et al. 2021

Journal Community Psychology

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This study explores the mechanism for timely and equitable distribution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination among the various communities in Pakistan. It examines the factors that support and/or impede peoples' access and response towards COVID‐19 vaccination in Pakistan. The study uses a literature synthesis approach to examine and analyze the situation of the COVID‐19 vaccination in Pakistan. The research results show “hesitancy” and “inequality” as two fundamental challenges that hinder the successful delivery of COVID‐19 vaccination in Pakistan. People are reluctant to use vaccines due to conspiracy theories and religious beliefs. However, inequality, especially unequal accessibility to all social groups appears to be a more significant barrier to getting a vaccine. We argue that there is a need to mobilize community influence, social media, and mass media campaigns for public education on vaccination programs along with the engagement of religious leaders to endorse the vaccination for the masses. The area of this study is underdeveloped; thereby, future studies are recommended to investigate the possible way for equitable distribution of vaccines in multiple regions.

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Section: Covid‐19 Vaccine Hesitancy In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination‐hesitancy and vaccination‐inequality as challenges in Pakistan's COVID‐19 response

Perveen

Akram

Nasar

et al. 2021

Journal Community Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The anti-vaccination behavior of the general public has been reported previously with polio vaccination in Pakistan. This behavior was developed due to various conspiracy theories and superstitious religious beliefs of the general public regarding vaccination [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the practice of non-pharmaceutical intervention like wearing a mask, using hand sanitizer, washing hands, and social distancing was less observed among the general population of Pakistan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, such conspiracy theories are circulating among the general public of Pakistan via social media [ 28 ]. In Pakistan, where vaccine hesitancy is the major barrier to curb vaccine-preventable diseases, such narratives may plant seeds of resistance against the COVID-19 vaccination program [ 20 ]. It is important to identify the source of myths in the current study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A National Survey to Assess the COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, Acceptability, Preference, and Willingness to Pay among the General Population of Pakistan

et al. 2021

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The current study aims to assess the beliefs of the general public in Pakistan towards conspiracy theories, acceptance, willingness to pay, and preference for the COVID-19 vaccine. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online self-administered questionnaire during January 2021. The Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was utilized for statistical data analysis. A total of 2158 respondents completed the questionnaire, among them 1192 (55.2%) were male with 23.87 (SD: ±6.23) years as mean age. The conspiracy beliefs circulating regarding the COVID-19 vaccine were believed by 9.3% to 28.4% of the study participants. Among them, 1040 (48.2%) agreed to vaccinate on its availability while 934 (43.3%) reported the Chinese vaccine as their preference. The conspiracy beliefs of the participants were significantly associated with acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. The existence of conspiracy beliefs and low vaccine acceptance among the general population is a serious threat to successful COVID-19 vaccination.

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“…The huge proportions of study participants (50.6%) disagreed with the statement that vaccination can keep their children safe. 16…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for parental hesitancy towards Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV): a cross sectional study in Khyber Agency, Pakistan

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Pakistan remains one of the three polio-endemic countries in the world due to Illiteracy, religious beliefs, conflicts and security issues hindering vaccination efforts. Parental refusal or hesitancy towards vaccinating their children along with low coverage of polio vaccination in high conflict areas remain key problem areas.Objectives: To assess the awareness regarding polio vaccination, and to identify the reasons of parental hesitancy towards oral polio vaccination.Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey that included 100 participants was conducted in Jamrud (Khyber Agency) from October 2017 to December 2017. Indigenously structured questionnaire was used for recording data in Khyber Agency through convenience sampling. Questions related to awareness, attitude, practice and reasons for hesitancy regarding polio vaccination. SPSS version 16.0 and Microsoft Excel were used for organizing and analyzing data for descriptive statistics.Results: Of the 100 study subjects, 49% were uneducated and only 2% had a positive family history of polio. Overall awareness regarding polio vaccination was poor; only 27% of study participants knew that immunization was effective for prevention and 24% considered vaccine repetition as necessary. The leading reasons given by 24% were that it causes infertility in male children, 16% had lack of trust on quality of vaccine, and 16.6% reported lack of trust on health workers. Religious belief was also one of the reason of hesitancy recorded to be 14.1%. Some participants (10.7%) recorded security issues as their reason of vaccine hesitancy. About 9.5% responded non-compliant spouse as their reason whereas 9.2% considered that vaccination was not necessary. Conclusion: Lack of awareness and education were the main reasons behind misperception of subjects towards polio immunization, followed by fears of infertility and religious beliefs. Keywords: Polio - Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV), Immunization & Hesitancy.

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Prevalence of Parental refusal rate and its associated factors in routine immunization by using WHO Vaccine Hesitancy tool: A Cross sectional study at district Bannu, KP, Pakistan

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

Vaccination‐hesitancy and vaccination‐inequality as challenges in Pakistan's COVID‐19 response

Vaccination‐hesitancy and vaccination‐inequality as challenges in Pakistan's COVID‐19 response

A National Survey to Assess the COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, Acceptability, Preference, and Willingness to Pay among the General Population of Pakistan

Reasons for parental hesitancy towards Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV): a cross sectional study in Khyber Agency, Pakistan

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