Prevalence of positive antibody test results for canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) and response to modified live vaccination against CPV and CDV in dogs entering animal shelters

Epidemiology of Canine distemper and Canine parvovirus in pet dogs in Wenzhou, China

“…The difference is highly possible that mongrel dogs and domestic dogs are more adaptable to local climates, environments and disease resistance. The prevalence of CDV, CPV and both viruses infections were higher in no vaccine immunity dogs, with significant difference were demonstrated in different breeds (P<0.01), which is consistent with previous study that CDV and CPV are preventable infectious canine diseases, especially in unvaccinated dogs (Litster et al, 2012).…”

“…The prevalence of CDV, CPV and both viruses infections were extremely higher in ages of 2-12 months and significant difference were demonstrated in different ages (p<0.01), which was in line with previous study that the two common viruses were associated with high morbidity and often mortality, especially in young dogs (Miranda et al, 2015). The reasons seems to be that most of pet dogs were unvaccinated or on the period of immunization during ages of 2-12 months, maternal antibodies waning or absent after ablactation and immune system was under developing (Litster et al, 2012). The prevalence of CDV, CPV and both viruses infections were higher in spring and autumn, with significant difference were demonstrated in different seasons (P<0.01).…”

“…urine) or through transplacental transfer. (Litster et al, 2012). The high prevalence of CDV presented in this study have potential to transfer the virus to other dogs, though the virus was unstable outside of the body and was easily removed with routine cleaning, infected dogs were known to act as a reservoir and source of infection within a population (Beineke et al, 2009).…”

“…Infected dogs can transfer CPV commonly through contact with infected feces via the oro-fecal route or fomite exposure (people, instruments, kennels, etc.). The results of CPV infection indicate that the infected dog are potential threat to other dogs as the virus is very stable in the environment and is only susceptible to certain cleaning agents (trivalent compounds and bleach) (Litster et al, 2012).…”

Prevalence of antibodies to canine parvovirus and reaction to vaccination in client‐owned, healthy dogs

“…In the present study, 86.0 per cent of dogs had CPV HI titres of at least 1:80, indicating that the majority was protected against disease at time of presentation. Former investigations revealed prevalence rates of protective antibodies between 64 and 95 per cent (Tennant and others 1991, McCaw and others 1998, Twark and Dodds 2000, Böhm and others 2004, Ottiger and others 2006, Lechner and others 2010, Taguchi and others 2011, Litster and others 2012a), but data in the German dog population are missing. A study in Switzerland, also including some samples of German dogs, found protective HI titres in only 64 per cent of adult dogs without CPV vaccination in the previous 12 months (Ottiger and others 2006).…”