Prevalence of State Firearm Mortality and Mental Health Care Resources

Price, James H.; Mrdjenovich, Adam J.; Dake, Joseph A.

doi:10.1007/s10900-009-9163-7

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A similar pattern was seen with mental health providers, although no statistically significant associations were found. These findings are analogous with previous research which has demonstrated a relationship between indices of access to healthcare and suicide, including density of physicians and psychiatrists (Tondo et al , 2006; Arria et al , 2011), and also between allocation of state-level mental health resources and firearm suicide (Price et al , 2009). And, while the number of preventable hospital stays is a quality of care indicator in the CHR data, it may also likely reflect poorer access to primary care (Bindman et al , 1995; Backus et al , 2002; van Loenen et al , 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Healthcare indicators and firearm homicide: an ecologic study

Formica

Rajan

Simons

2019

JACPR

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between rates of firearm homicide in New York State (NYS) and indicators of access to and quality of healthcare from 2011 to 2017. Design/methodology/approach Utilizing data from the NYS Division of Criminal Justice Services Uniform Crime Reporting Supplemental Homicide Reports and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation County Health Rankings Program, a county-level ecologic study was conducted, descriptive statistics provided and multivariable analyses conducted to determine the associations between critical indicators of county health and firearm homicide. Findings The majority of firearm homicide victims (n=2,619) were young, Black, men and the highest rates of firearm homicide were situated in urban centers. Subgroup analyses excluding large urban centers and controlling for key demographics illustrated that those counties with lower rates of clinicians were significantly associated with higher rates of firearm homicide. Research limitations/implications Despite challenges integrating two large data sets, the present findings were able to illustrate the critical relationship between access to healthcare and prevalence of firearm homicide. Practical implications The results of this study reinforce the importance of access to primary healthcare services and its relationship to critical health outcomes. Social implications In urban settings, firearm homicides disproportionately impact young Black men, who are among the least likely to have access to healthcare. In more rural areas, access to healthcare is related directly to improved health outcomes, including reduced rates of firearm homicides. Originality/value This is the first study to explore and subsequently establish the relationship between indicators of community health and firearm homicide in NYS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Healthcare indicators and firearm homicide: an ecologic study

Formica

Rajan

Simons

2019

JACPR

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“…37 Firearm ownership is greater in rural areas, and greater state-level firearm ownership has been associated with greater firearm suicide mortality. 27 Among suicide methods, firearms sadly have the highest case-fatality rates. 26 As Miller and Hemenway noted, "A suicide attempt with a firearm rarely affords a second chance."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide Among Patients in the Veterans Affairs Health System: Rural–Urban Differences in Rates, Risks, and Methods

McCarthy¹,

Blow²,

Ignacio³

et al. 2012

Am J Public Health

128

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“…Both police and ambulance systems play important roles in responding to suicide crises in the community [38]. Education and welfare expenditure also contributes to the prevention of suicide [26,39]. Furthermore, the increasing expenditure of public works on infrastructure is traditionally considered to contribute to the improvement of economic and mental wellbeing via the generation of employment opportunities [37].…”

Section: Effects Of Regional Governmental Expenditure On Suicide Mortality Disaggregated By Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Financial Expenditure of Prefectures/Municipalities on Regional Suicide Mortality in Japan

Shiroyama

Fukuyama

Okada

2021

IJERPH

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In Japan, suicide mortality has been improving from 2009; however, suicide remains one of the leading causes of death. Although previous studies identified solid relationships between governmental financial support for social welfare systems and suicide mortality, little attention is paid to how specific regional policies, designed according to regional cultural, economic, and social welfare situations, affect suicide mortality. Therefore, the present study analyses the relationships between the regional governmental expenditure of six major divisions and suicide mortality across the 47 prefectures in Japan from 2009 to 2018 using fixed-effect analysis of hierarchal linear regression with robust standard error. The expenditure in “public health”, “police”, “ambulance/fire services”, “welfare” and “education” is associated with reduction in suicide mortality, at least in some statistical indicators, whereas expenditure of “public works” indicated the influence of increasing suicide mortality or had no effect. Welfare expenditure was the most predominantly effective among the six major divisions of regional governmental expenditure. In the welfare subdivisions, expenditure of “child welfare” and “social welfare” was effective in a reduction in suicide mortality, but expenditure of “elderly welfare” surprisingly contributed to increasing suicide mortality. Child welfare expenditure negatively impacted suicide mortality in wide-ranging generations of both males and females; the positive effects of elderly welfare expenditure reached were limited as working-age populations increased, but unexpectedly did not affect the suicide mortality of elderly populations. The relatively increasing expenditure of elderly welfare with the relatively decreasing child welfare are unavoidable due to the Japanese social issues associated with a declining birth rate and ageing population. Furthermore, the budget of that regional government that can modify its expenditure structure by making its own policies is limited since most regional governmental expenditure is composed of essential expenditure for maintaining and operating regional social welfare systems. Although severe social situations in Japan are still unoptimised, the present results suggest that scientific-evidence-based redistributions of welfare expenditure in regional governments can at least partially improve Japanese society and welfare systems.

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Prevalence of State Firearm Mortality and Mental Health Care Resources

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Healthcare indicators and firearm homicide: an ecologic study

Healthcare indicators and firearm homicide: an ecologic study

Suicide Among Patients in the Veterans Affairs Health System: Rural–Urban Differences in Rates, Risks, and Methods

Effects of Financial Expenditure of Prefectures/Municipalities on Regional Suicide Mortality in Japan

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