Prevalence of Static Balance Impairment and Associated Factors of University Student Smartphone Users with Subclinical Neck Pain: Cross-Sectional Study

Wah, Saw Wah; Chatchawan, Uraiwan; Chatprem, Thiwaphon; Puntumetakul, Rungthip

doi:10.3390/ijerph191710723

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Eleven studies [ 30 , 32 , 36 , 37 , 41 , 43 , 47 , 49 , 53 , 56 , 57 ] analyzed the impact of a long-time electronic product used daily on neck pain in 10,314 college students. The results of the combined meta-analysis demonstrated that prolonged use of electronics was significantly associated with neck pain in college students (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.33 to 1.76, P < 0.00001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have revealed that total daily electronic product use of ≥ 3 h and a long time to bow your head ≥ 1 h is likely to lead to neck pain [ 12 , 30 , 33 , 36 , 40 , 43 , 45 , 47 , 56 , 57 ] . Therefore, with the increased use of electronic products and the academic burden, the prevalence of neck pain among college students is also increasing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for neck pain in college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gao

Chen²,

Chen

et al. 2023

BMC Public Health

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Background During the COVID-19 epidemic, the prevalence of neck pain among college students has increased due to the shift from offline to online learning and increasing academic and employment pressures. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to identify the personal, occupational, and psychological factors associated with the development of neck pain to promote the development of preventive strategies and early intervention treatment. Methods Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to December 2022 for cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on neck pain. The quality of the selected studies were assessed by American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) or the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the effects of the included risk factors on neck pain. Results Thirty studies were included, including 18,395 participants. And a total of 33 potentially associated risk factors were identified. Ultimately, 11 risk factors were included in the meta-analysis after assessing, and all results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The factors supported by strong evidence mainly include the improper use of the pillow (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.39 to 3.48), lack of exercise (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.30), improper sitting posture (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.39 to 2.78), history of neck and shoulder trauma (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.79 to 3.01), senior grade (OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 2.07 to 3.95), staying up late (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.35 to 2.41), long-time electronic product usage daily (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.33 to 1.76), long-time to bow head (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.58 to 2.64), and emotional problems (OR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.66 to 2.63). Risk factors supported by moderate evidence were high stress (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.52) and female gender (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.52 to 1.87). Conclusion This study obtained 11 main risk factors affecting college students neck pain, including improper use of the pillow, lack of exercise, improper sitting posture, history of neck and shoulder trauma, senior grade, staying up late, long-term electronic product usage daily, long time to bow head, high stress, emotional problems and female gender.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for neck pain in college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gao

Chen²,

Chen

et al. 2023

BMC Public Health

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show abstract

“…A total of 17 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 10 were excluded. Finally, 7 studies [9, [13][14][15][16][17][18] with a total of 10,715 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Smartphone Overuse and Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Over 10,000 individuals. (Preprint)

Chen,

Hu,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Smartphone overuse is associated with both psychological and physical health problems, including depression and musculoskeletal disorders. However, the association between smartphone overuse and neck pain remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We performed a meta-analysis to examine the relation between smartphone overuse and neck pain, and to identify high-risk usage patterns. METHODS PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for relevant studies published up to August 16, 2023, using keywords including "smartphone" and "neck pain". Prospective, retrospective, and case-controlled studies assessing the correlation between smartphone overuse and neck pain were eligible. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-regression and sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out approach were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS Seven retrospective studies including 10,715 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The mean age of the participants ranged from 19.9 to 42.9 years. The meta-analysis revealed that compared to participants without smartphone overuse, those who overused a smartphone had a significantly higher risk of neck pain (pooled adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.44-3.82). A significant correlation between increasing age and higher ORs for neck pain was found (coefficient = 0.051, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate a significant association between smartphone overuse and increased risk of neck pain, with risk escalating with age. Our findings underscore the necessity of addressing smartphone overuse as a health concern, especially considering its growing prevalence in modern society.

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“…In this study, waist pain was connected to the size of the LCD screen. Smartphone use was negatively associated with leg and foot pain;20 however, there was no connection between LCD screen size and eye, neck, shoulder, arm,Rizwan K et al The Healer Journal | Feburary Issue | Volume 3 -Issue 2 | Pg. 381…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Association of Smartphone Usage and Subjective Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Adolescents; A Cross-Sectional Survey

Rizwan¹,

Aslam²,

Azhar³

et al. 2023

THJ

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Background: Individuals of all ages use smartphones, from college students to the elderly. Smartphone users often use the small screen to look at the internet, talk to other people, use social networking services (SNS), write papers and do other tasks. Objective: To determine the association between smartphone usage and subjective musculoskeletal symptoms among adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out from July to December 2021 and was conducted at the Link Medical Centre, Lahore. Students from different universities in Lahore were asked to fill out a questionnaire that they would later administer to themselves. The results of the final analysis, conducted using SPSS 25.0, were based on the 365 completed questionnaires. Using SPSS statistics version 25.0, the data were analyzed. The chi-square test was applied to assess if smartphone characteristics relate to subjective musculoskeletal pain. A p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was judged statistically significant. Results: The results showed that the musculoskeletal symptoms were found in various regions in descending order of percentage as neck 24%, shoulder 25%, waist 15%, hands 10%, arms and fingers 9%. The statistics using the chi-square test showed that there was a significant correlation between less screen size and musculoskeletal symptoms in the wrist, hands, shoulders, neck and waist (p-value<0.05) except those of leg and feet and arms (p>0.05), while the same significant association was found with musculoskeletal symptoms in all regions except that it was not significantly associated with fingers. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a significant association between higher duration of smartphone usage and small screen size with musculoskeletal symptoms in various body regions, especially the upper extremity and waist. It is essential to enhance their utilization and devise a preventative program to alleviate the discomfort produced by bone and muscle dysfunction. The upcoming smart glasses can also be the solution to such musculoskeletal problems.

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Prevalence of Static Balance Impairment and Associated Factors of University Student Smartphone Users with Subclinical Neck Pain: Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 76 publications

Risk factors for neck pain in college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Risk factors for neck pain in college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association of Smartphone Overuse and Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Over 10,000 individuals. (Preprint)

Association of Smartphone Usage and Subjective Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Adolescents; A Cross-Sectional Survey

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