Prevalence of the colistin resistance gene &lt;i&gt;MCR-1&lt;/i&gt; in colistin-resistant &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; in Egypt

Abozahra, Rania; Gab-Allah, Amal A.; Abdelhamid, Sarah M.

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2023011

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Abd El-Baky et al, 2020 also reported that 21.3% of P. aeruginosa isolates showed resistance to colistin antibiotic [ 5 ]. This varriable sensitivity to colistin in various studies from Egypt might be attributed to differences in the geographic zones or the use of different antibiotic regimens in these areas [ 57 ]. Previously, Farhan et al, 2019 has observed that 74.1% of ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa were polymyxin B resistant, while 37% were colistin resistant [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and genetic analysis of extensively drug-resistant hospital acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates

Abdelaziz,

El-Aziz,

El-Sokkary

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The incidence of hospital-acquired infections in extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PA) has been increasing worldwide and is frequently associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity rates. The aim of this study was to characterize clinical XDR-PA isolates recovered during six months at three different hospitals in Egypt. Results Seventy hospital-acquired clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were classified into multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR), according to their antimicrobial resistance profile. In addition, the possession of genes associated with mobile genetic elements and genes encoding antimicrobial resistance determinants among isolates were detected using polymerase chain reaction. As a result, a significant percentage of the isolates (75.7%) were XDR, while 18.5% were MDR, however only 5.7% of the isolates were non-MDR. The phenotypic detection of carbapenemases, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo β-lactamase (MBL) enzymes showed that 73.6% of XDR-PA isolates were carbapenemases producers, whereas 75.5% and 88.7% of XDR-PA isolates produced ESBLs and MBL respectively. In addition, PCR screening showed that oxa gene was the most frequently detected gene of carbapenemases (91.4%), while aac(6ʹ)-lb gene was mostly detected (84.3%) among the screened aminoglycosides-resistance genes. Furthermore, the molecular detection of the colistin resistance gene showed that 12.9% of isolates harbored mcr-1 gene. Concerning mobile genetic element markers (intI, traA, tnp513, and merA), intI was the highest detected gene as it was amplified in 67 isolates (95.7%). Finally, phylogenetic and molecular typing of the isolates via ERIC-PCR analysis revealed 10 different ERIC fingerprints. Conclusion The present study revealed a high prevalence of XDR-PA in hospital settings which were resistant to a variety of antibiotics due to several mechanisms. In addition, 98% of the XDR-PA clinical isolates contained at least one gene associated with movable genetic elements, which could have aided the evolution of these XDR-PA strains. To reduce spread of drug resistance, judicious use of antimicrobial agents and strict infection control measures are therefore essential.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and genetic analysis of extensively drug-resistant hospital acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates

Abdelaziz,

El-Aziz,

El-Sokkary

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, colistin resistance is a pressing issue globally, primarily because colistin is considered as a last-resort medication for tackling drug-resistant bacterial infections 85 . Multiple studies have provided compelling evidence of the extensive dissemination of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 through conjugative plasmids in various settings, including the livestock farms, human populations and natural environment 86 – 88 . Our study unveiled the combined action of conjugative and non-mobile plasmids in perpetuating mcr-1 prevalence, highlighting the persistent challenge posed by colistin resistance despite regulatory interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure and antibiotic resistance of swine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from China

Li,

Hu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) pose a significant threat to human and animal health. However, the diversity and antibiotic resistance of animal ExPEC, and their connection to human infections, remain largely unexplored. The study performs large-scale genome sequencing and antibiotic resistance testing of 499 swine-derived ExPEC isolates from China. Results show swine ExPEC are phylogenetically diverse, with over 80% belonging to phylogroups B1 and A. Importantly, 15 swine ExPEC isolates exhibit genetic relatedness to human-origin E. coli strains. Additionally, 49 strains harbor toxins typical of enteric E. coli pathotypes, implying hybrid pathotypes. Notably, 97% of the total strains are multidrug resistant, including resistance to critical human drugs like third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins. Correspondingly, genomic analysis unveils prevalent antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), often associated with co-transfer mechanisms. Furthermore, analysis of 20 complete genomes illuminates the transmission pathways of ARGs within swine ExPEC and to human pathogens. For example, the transmission of plasmids co-harboring fosA3, blaCTX-M-14, and mcr-1 genes between swine ExPEC and human-origin Salmonella enterica is observed. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring and controlling ExPEC infections in animals, as they can serve as a reservoir of ARGs with the potential to affect human health or even be the origin of pathogens infecting humans.

show abstract

“…The FIC index was calculated to investigate the combined effect of the agents and antibiotics using the following equation: FIC of agent = MIC in combination/MIC alone, FIC index = FIC of antibiotic + FIC of phytochemical. For interpretation, an FIC index ≤ 0.5, denoted synergy; 0.5 < FIC index ≤ 0.75, indicated partial synergy; 0.76 < FIC index ≤ 1, designated additive effect; 1 < FIC index ≤ 4, showed an indifferent effect; while an FIC index > 4, referred to antagonism [ 70 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol as potential anti-quorum sensing agents against uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Alexandria, Egypt

Morgaan,

Omar,

Zakaria

et al. 2023

BMC Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Urinary tract infections represent one of the most frequent hospital and community-acquired infections with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) being the main causative agent. The global increase in the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) UPEC necessitates exploring novel approaches. Repurposing natural products as anti-quorum sensing (QS) agents to impede bacterial virulence is gaining momentum nowadays. Hence, this study investigates the anti-QS potentials of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol against E. coli isolated from urine cultures of Egyptian patients. Results Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for 67 E. coli isolates and 94% of the isolates showed MDR phenotype. The usp gene was detected using PCR and accordingly, 45% of the isolates were categorized as UPEC. Phytochemicals, at their sub-inhibitory concentrations, inhibited the swimming and twitching motilities of UPEC isolates, with eugenol showing the highest inhibitory effect. The agents hindered the biofilm-forming ability of the tested isolates, at two temperature sets, 37 and 30 °C, where eugenol succeeded in significantly inhibiting the biofilm formation by > 50% at both investigated temperatures, as compared with untreated controls. The phytochemicals were shown to downregulate the expression of the QS gene (luxS) and critical genes related to motility, asserting their anti-QS potential. Further, the combinatory activity of the phytoproducts with five antibiotics was assessed by checkerboard assay. The addition of the phytoproducts significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics and generated several synergistic or partially synergistic combinations, some of which have not been previously explored. Conclusions Overall, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol could be repurposed as potential anti-QS agents, which preferentially reduce the QS-based communication and attenuate the cascades of gene expression, thus decreasing the production of virulence factors in UPEC, and eventually, subsiding their pathogenicity. Furthermore, the synergistic combinations of these agents with antibiotics might provide a new perspective to circumvent the side effects brought about by high antibiotic doses, thereby paving the way for overcoming antibiotic resistance.

show abstract

Prevalence of the colistin resistance gene <i>MCR-1</i> in colistin-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> in Egypt

Cited by 7 publications

References 62 publications

Characterization and genetic analysis of extensively drug-resistant hospital acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates

Characterization and genetic analysis of extensively drug-resistant hospital acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates

Population structure and antibiotic resistance of swine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from China

Repurposing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol as potential anti-quorum sensing agents against uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Alexandria, Egypt

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About