Prevalence of Toxocara antibodies among patients clinically suspected to have ocular toxocariasis: A retrospective descriptive study in Sri Lanka

Iddawela, Devika; Ehambaram, Kiruthiha; Bandara, P. P. G. S. P.

doi:10.1186/s12886-017-0444-0

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Toxocariasis is one of the most common and neglected human parasitic worm infections in the world (Farmer et al 2017;Mattos et al 2016). This zoonotic disease spreads through unembryonated eggs, shed by infected dog and cat (as common definitive hosts) and become infectious after 10-14 days (Despommier 2003;Iddawela et al 2017). If these infective eggs (containing a L2 larva) are ingested by human, in the duodenum, the larva will hatch and find its route to the liver via the portal circulation, then from vascular channels to the lung systemic circulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and standardizing Toxocara serologic diagnostic kit and determining anti-Toxocara antibodies frequency in patients referred to health care centers in Urmia (northwest of Iran)

et al. 2019

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Toxocariasis is a helminthic zoonosis caused by larval stages of the roundworm of dog, Toxocara canis, and less frequently by T. cati, the roundworm of cats. Eosinophilia in peripheral blood may be indicative of a disease; however, it does not necessarily represent toxocariasis. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between eosinophilia and toxocariasis in a region. The aims of this study were the diagnosis of hyperosinophilia patients using traditional ELISA kit and also by a handmade ELISA kit produced by T. canis excretory-secretory (TCES) antigens as well as the determination of the abundance of anti-Toxocara antibodies among people referred to Urmia, northwest of Iran care centers. Traditional ELISA kit was used to determine anti-TCES-specific IgG antibodies on 180 hypereosinophilic samples. These antibodies were evaluated in 1002 samples, including 180 hypereosinophilic samples and 822 random samples without eosinophilia by a handmade ELISA kit produced by TCES antigens. A Western-blot confirmatory test was performed on ELISA-positive samples. Our results showed a 17.22% prevalence rate of Toxocara antibodies among hypereosinophilic samples with traditional ELISA kit, and this rate was 3.89% in the 1002 study population with random sampling (with or without eosinophilia). Also, there was a good match between the results of handmade ELISA with those of traditional kit. The positive results in the ELISA method were confirmed by the Western-blot analysis. Our findings show that although the high eosinophil count is not necessarily a sign of toxocariasis, in Urmia distric, about one-fifth of eosinophilia cases have anti-toxocariasis antibodies. In addition, the abundance of anti-Toxocara antibodies in this area was 3.89%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and standardizing Toxocara serologic diagnostic kit and determining anti-Toxocara antibodies frequency in patients referred to health care centers in Urmia (northwest of Iran)

et al. 2019

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“…Among all different species, T. canis is the most important of the parasites causing toxocariasis in humans [ 1 ]. Soil contamination with infective eggs is very important in the transmission of toxocariasis to humans [ 2 ]. Food borne infection through undercooked infected meats has been documented, although this is a rare route of infection [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Toxocariasis among Patients Clinically Suspected to Have Visceral Toxocariasis: A Retrospective Descriptive Study in Sri Lanka

Iddawela

Ehambaram

Atapattu

et al. 2017

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Introduction Human toxocariasis is caused by several species of the nematode Toxocara. Two common clinical syndromes are ocular and visceral larva migrans. Objectives To determine the Toxocara antibody positivity in clinically suspected VLM patients and to describe demographic factors and clinical manifestations of seropositive patients. Methods 522 clinically suspected patients were studied between 1993 and 2014. Relevant data was gathered from referral letters. Serum samples were subjected to Toxocara antigen ELISA. Results Overall, seropositivity was 50.2% (262), of which 109 (40.8%) were positive at high level of Toxocara antibody carriage and 153 (58.4%) were positive at low levels. The seropositives ranged from 3 months to 70 years (mean = 7.8). Younger age group had higher levels of seropositivity and it was statistically significant. Majority of children under 5 years were seropositive (47.7%, n = 125). Seropositivity was common in males (55.3%, n = 145). Clinical manifestations of seropositives include lymphadenopathy (24.1%) skin rash (22.5%), dyspnoea (21.7%), fever (21%), hepatosplenomegaly (9.2%), and abdominal pain (3.8%). 197 (75.2%) seropositive cases had eosinophilia. These symptoms were not statistically significant. Conclusions This study confirms toxocariasis as an important cause of childhood ill health identifying common clinical symptoms recommending preventive measures to limit transmission.

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“…It caused blindness mostly due to secondary serious uveitis [2] . Such white peripheral intraretinal granuloma is a prominent feature of ocular toxocariasis [3] . Retinal vasculitis can present near or remote from the active lesion [4] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxocariasis of the eye

Tao

Yin

Zhao

et al. 2018

IDCases

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Prevalence of Toxocara antibodies among patients clinically suspected to have ocular toxocariasis: A retrospective descriptive study in Sri Lanka

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Designing and standardizing Toxocara serologic diagnostic kit and determining anti-Toxocara antibodies frequency in patients referred to health care centers in Urmia (northwest of Iran)

Designing and standardizing Toxocara serologic diagnostic kit and determining anti-Toxocara antibodies frequency in patients referred to health care centers in Urmia (northwest of Iran)

Frequency of Toxocariasis among Patients Clinically Suspected to Have Visceral Toxocariasis: A Retrospective Descriptive Study in Sri Lanka

Toxocariasis of the eye

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