Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women Receiving Antenatal Care in Two Primary Health Care Centres in Karu Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections among pregnant women receving antenatal care in two primary health care centres in Karu Nasarawa State. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in two primary health care centres in Karu Nasarawa State between March-August, 2015. Methodology: A total of 150 pregnant women were enrolled for this study. Mid stream urine sample was collected from each pregnant woman, analysed and cultured on cystein lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) medium. Results: The results revealed that the incidence of UTI in this study population was 62.67% and 94 bacterial isolates were identified based on colonial morphology, microscopic characteristics, and biochemical tests. The most predominant bacterium was Escherichia coli (22.97%). This was

Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among patients with urinary tract infections in a tertiary care hospital in Maiduguri, North Eastern, Nigeria

“…The findings of the study reveal that the UTI prevalence is 80.0% and this rate of prevalence is higher than in previous studies which accounts for [4.2% (Bigwan and Elijah, 2013), 11% (Ibeneme et al, 2011), 17.19% (Akram et al, 2007), 22% (Ekweozor and Onyemenen, 1996), 29.3% (Ochada et al, 2014), 35.5% (Ebie et al, 2001), 38.6% (Akinyemi et al, 1997), 47% (Ojo et al, 2004), 48% (Agbagwa et al, 2015)] in Nigeria; [34.5% (Dash et al, 2013), 36.68% (Mehta et al, 2013), 10.86% (Kothari and Sagar, 2008), 40.4% (Yengkokpam et al, 2007)] in India; [49% in Trinidad and Tobago (Orrett, 2001)]; and [14.6% (Uddin et al, 2016)] in Bangladesh. However, higher prevalence rate of UTI as seen in this study has been reported by various authors in Nigeria 62.67% (Ajide et al, 2016), Cameroon 59.8% (Nzalie et al, 2016), India (Prakash and Saxena, 2013) and Mexico (Garc´ıa-Mor´ua et al, 2009) which showed such more highly significant uropathogens of 53.82% and 97.3% respectively. The regional disparities in prevalence rate supports earlier report made by Amin et al (2009), that the relationships and variances in the type and distribution of uropathogens may result from different environmental (geographical) conditions and host factors, practices such as health care and education programmes, It is worthwhile to remark that our patients were from an insurgence raveled region (Northeastern, Nigeria), and most of them are displaced from their localities, thus warranting them conceding their hygiene practices such as hand washing and bathing habits, because access to water becomes very challenging, subsequently exposing them to this worrisome prevalence rate.…”

Prevalência De Infecção Urinária Em Gestantes Atendidas Por Unidade Básica De Saúde Em Jaraguá Do Sul, Sc - Brasil / Prevalence of Urinary Infection in Pregnant Women Attended by a Basic Health Unit in Jaraguá Do Sul, Sc - Brazil

“…Regarding the age, our results were similar to other studies (Nascimento et al, 2012;Lawani et al, 2015;Younis et al, 2019) which identified that mainly young adults between 20 and 29 years were affected. However, different results were found by Bukola et al, (2016) which found prevalence of pregnant women over 35 years.…”

“…However, other studies have shown different findings. Studies conducted by Lawani et al (2015) and Bukola et al (2016) showed that pregnant women in the third trimester were more infected. Furthermore, Pagnonceli et al (2010) related the highest incidence of urinary tract infection in the 3rd gestational trimester, which is a more worrying reality because, due to the fact that the pregnant woman does not feel manifestations that indicate UTI, and this problem can go unnoticed and cause serious complications.…”

Macroscopy and Microscopy Urinalysis: A Vital Screening Procedure for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in a Hospital in Awka, Nigeria

“…The overall prevalence of UTI in this study is high and of great concern. Pregnancy is one the factors that predispose to UTI due to ureteral dilation, urinary stasis (abnormalities in the structure of urinary outflow tract that may result in incomplete emptying of the bladder), reduced immune function, and presence of vesicoureteric reflex (backward flow of urine from bladder into the kidney) and difficulty with hygiene due to a distended pregnant belly (Onoh et al, 2013;Ajide et al, 2016). It has also been reported that up to 70% of pregnant women develop glycosuria, which encourages bacteria growth in urine (Alemu et al, 2012;Getachew et al, 2012).…”

“…Pregnancy enhances the progression from asymptomatic to symptomatic bacteriuria which could lead to other adverse obstetric outcomes such as prematurity, low-birth weight and higher fetal mortality rates (Getachew et al, 2012). In Nigeria, the prevalence of UTI among antenatal patients has been reported in Benin, Ebonyi and Nassarawa State as 13.8%, 55% and 62.67% respectively (Alfred et al, 2013;Onuoha and Fatokun, 2014;Ajide et al, 2016).…”