Prevalence of Vision Impairment in Older Adults in Rural China

Zhao, Jialiang; Ellwein, Leon B.; Cui, Hao; Ge, Jian; Guan, Huaijin; Lv, Jian; Ma, Xianzhi; Yin, Jinglin; Yin, Zheng; Yuan, Yuansheng; Liu, Hu

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.11.023

Cited by 120 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The surveys were carried out by randomly selecting individuals within each district/ county, which was similar to the method we described previously. 2 The sampling frame was constructed using geographically defined clusters based on village register data. Cluster boundaries were defined such that each cluster would have a population of approximately 1000 individuals (all ages).…”

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming an examination response rate of 85%, and a design effect of 1.5 to account for inefficiencies associated with the cluster sampling design, a sample of 4068 persons ‡50 years of age was required for each district/county. 2 Depending on the percentage of population ‡50 years of age, 28 to 30 clusters were randomly selected (with equal probability) by the Chinese Ophthalmological Society from the sampling frame for each district/county. Geographically defined cluster sampling included 6722 individuals ‡50 years of age in Binhu District from January to December 2010.…”

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Genes, DNA Damage, and Age-Related Cataract: Jiangsu Eye Study

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE. Age-related cataract (ARC) is one of the most common causes of severe visual impairment among the elderly worldwide with four subtypes, such as cortical, nuclear, subcapsular, and mixed types. DNA damage and malfunction of DNA repair are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of ARC. This study examined the associations of 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in four DNA repair genes (BLM, WRN, ERCC6, and OGG1) with ARC in Han Chinese from the Jiangsu Eye Study, a population-based epidemiologic study. We also determined the possible functional consequence of the SNPs to DNA damage. METHODS.Eighteen SNPs in four DNA repair genes were genotyped in 789 ARC patients and 531 normal controls from the Jiangsu Eye Study. The Comet assay was to assess the extent of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of selected subjects. RESULTS.The results show that WRN-rs11574311 was initially associated with ARC in general, cortical, and mixed cataracts (P ¼ 0.003, odds ratio [OR] ¼ 1.49; P ¼ 0.001, OR ¼ 1.68; and P < 0.0001, OR ¼ 2.08), BLM-rs1063147 with nuclear cataract (P ¼ 0.03, OR ¼ 1.31), WRN-rs2725383 with cortical cataract (P ¼ 0.01, OR ¼ 1.49), and WRN-rs4733220 and WRN-rs2725338 with mixed cataract (P ¼ 0.04, OR ¼ 0.74; P ¼ 0.003, OR ¼ 0.60). However, the significances of some of the above-cited associations disappeared after multiple testing corrections. WRN-rs11574311 remains associated with cortical and mixed cataract and WRN-rs2725338 with mixed cataract after multiple testing correction. We did not find any correlation between DNA damage of peripheral lymphocytes and SNP types.CONCLUSIONS. We concluded that WRN genes might be involved in ARC pathogenesis in the Han Chinese population. The associations were ARC subtype specific. These findings stress the importance of detailed phenotyping in ARC subtypes, which may be associated with different risk factors and disease mechanisms. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:1201-1207) DOI:10.1167/iovs.12-10940 A ge-related cataract (ARC) is one of the most common causes of severe visual impairment among the elderly worldwide, rendering the disease a major public health issue.1,2 ARC is a progressive opacification of the ocular lens, leading to visual impairment and blindness. According to the degenerative region of lens, ARC can be classified as nuclear (N), cortical (C), posterior subcapsular (PSC), and mixed type (M). 3 ARC has a multifactorial etiology. Age, sex, smoking, exposure to sunlight, chronic ocular inflammation, estrogen sufficiency or deficiency, and cardiovascular factors may influence ARC predisposition. The strongest evidence came from twin studies demonstrating a heritability of 48% for nuclear cataract 4 and 59% for cortical cataract. 5 The importance of genetic risk factors for ARC was highlighted in several recent studies, which have reported that OGG1, EPHA2, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms are associated with the C type of ARC in the Chinese population. [6][7][8][9] Although the pathophysiology of ARC is far from clear...

show abstract

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Genes, DNA Damage, and Age-Related Cataract: Jiangsu Eye Study

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The surveys were carried out by randomly selecting individuals within each district or county, which was similar to the method we described previously. 23 The sampling frame was constructed using geographically defined clusters based on village register data. Cluster boundaries were defined so that each cluster would have a population of approximately 1000 individuals (all ages).…”

Section: Jiangsu Eye Study and Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming an examination response rate of 85%, and a design effect of 1.5 to account for inefficiencies associated with the cluster sampling design, a sample of 4068 persons ‡50 years of age was required for each district or county. 23 Depending on the percentage of population ‡50 years of age, 28 to 30 clusters were randomly selected (with equal probability) by the Chinese Ophthalmological Society from the sampling frame for each district/county. A total of 12,867 persons aged ‡50 years were enumerated in Binhu district and Funing county.…”

Section: Jiangsu Eye Study and Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cataract was defined as opacification of the ocular lens and best corrected visual acuity of <20/40. 23 Lens opacities were determined according to the Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III) in 0.1-unit steps for each opacity up to a maximum of 6.9 for N, 5.9 for C, and PSC subtypes. 24 Presence of more than one cataract type in at least one eye or different pure types in both eyes was classified as mixed type.…”

Section: Jiangsu Eye Study and Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Copy Number Variations of DNA Repair Genes and the Age-Related Cataract: Jiangsu Eye Study

Jiang

Zhou

Yao

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE. DNA damage is critical in the pathogenesis of agerelated cataract (ARC). This study examined the association of copy number variations (CNVs) of DNA repair genes with susceptibility to ARC in the Han Chinese.METHODS. Study participants were from the population-based Jiangsu Eye Study, which includes 780 ARC patients and 525 controls. DNA was extracted from blood for copy number (CN) assays using RT-PCR. The Comet assay was to assess DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes. RESULTS.Novel CNV was detected in WRN. Initial analyses found that CN ¼ 3þ for WRN had an increased risk of ARC (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 1.88, P ¼ 0.02); CN ¼ 1 for HSF4 had an increased risk of ARC (OR ¼ 4.09, P ¼ 0.004). CN ¼ 3þ for WRN was associated with nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract (OR ¼ 2.06, P ¼ 0.02; OR ¼ 3.72, P ¼ 0.02). CN ¼ 1 for HSF4 was associated with nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract (OR ¼ 5.73, P ¼ 0.001; OR ¼ 6.80, P ¼ 0.01). The combination WRN and HSF4 CNVs markedly increased the risk of ARC; the OR was increased from 2.63 by HSF4 alone to 6.80 by combined WRN and HSF4 CNVs. However, after multiple testing correction, only HSF4 CNV was associated with ARC overall and with nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract as well. The DNA damage in lymphocytes from ARC patients was significantly higher when compared to normal controls.CONCLUSIONS. HSF4 and WRN CNVs might be involved in ARC pathogenesis in the Han Chinese. These findings suggest the importance of DNA repair in ARC susceptibility and distinct risk factors in ARC subtypes. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013; 54:932-938)

show abstract

Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment and Blindness in Chinese American Adults

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

; for the Chinese American Eye Study Group IMPORTANCE Visual impairment (VI) and blindness continue to be major public health problems worldwide. Despite previously published studies on VI in Chinese and other racial/ethnic populations, there are no data specific to Chinese American adults. OBJECTIVES To determine the age-and sex-specific prevalence and causes of VI and blindness in adult Chinese Americans and to compare the prevalence to other racial/ethnic groups. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this population-based, cross-sectional study of 10 US Census tracts in the city of Monterey Park, California, 4582 Chinese American adults 50 years and older underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations, including measurement of presenting and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for distance using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol from February 1, 2010, through October 31, 2013. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age-specific prevalence and causes of VI and blindness for presenting and BCVA. RESULTS Of the 5782 eligible adults, 4582 (79.2%) completed an in-clinic eye examination. Of the 4582 participants, most were born in China (3149 [68.7%]), female (2901 [63.3%]), and married (3458 [75.5%]). The mean (SD) age was 61 (9) years. The prevalence of presenting VI was 3.0% (95% CI, 2.5%-3.5%), with 60.0% of this prevalence being attributed to uncorrected refractive error. The overall age-adjusted prevalence for VI (BCVA of Յ20/40 in the better eye) was 1.2% (95% CI, 0.9%-1.5%). The overall age-adjusted prevalence of blindness (BCVA of Յ20/200 in the better-seeing eye) was 0.07% (95% CI, 0%-0.2%). The prevalence of VI and blindness was higher in older Chinese Americans compared with younger. The primary causes of VI were cataracts and myopic retinopathy; the primary cause of blindness was myopic retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The prevalence of VI in Chinese Americans is similar to that of non-Hispanic white and Latino individuals in the United States and similar to or lower than the prevalence previously reported for Chinese adults from non-US studies. The prevalence of blindness is lower than that noted in other US or non-US studies. Myopic retinopathy is a frequent cause of VI and blindness in Chinese Americans that has not been commonly observed in other racial/ethnic groups. Because myopia frequently develops at a young age, Chinese Americans should be educated regarding the importance of regular screening of preschool and school-aged children to reduce the development and progression of myopia.

show abstract

Prevalence of Vision Impairment in Older Adults in Rural China

Cited by 120 publications

References 9 publications

The Associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Genes, DNA Damage, and Age-Related Cataract: Jiangsu Eye Study

The Associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Genes, DNA Damage, and Age-Related Cataract: Jiangsu Eye Study

Copy Number Variations of DNA Repair Genes and the Age-Related Cataract: Jiangsu Eye Study

Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment and Blindness in Chinese American Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About