Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their babies in Bhaktapur, Nepal

Shrestha, Dhruba; Budhathoki, Saraswati; Pokhrel, Sabi; Sah, Ashok Kumar; Shrestha, Raj K.; Raya, Ganendra Bhakta; Shrestha, Reena; Pasakhala, Rasila; Smith, Chris; Dhoubhadel, Bhim Gopal

doi:10.1186/s40795-019-0294-7

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this study was 14.1%. The finding is in line with several studies reported from different countries across the globe that show vitamin D deficiency prevalence ranging from 4-60% [20][21][22][23][24][25]. A previous pilot study carried out on a convenient sample of 40 parturient women at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi Nigeria showed a vitamin D deficiency level of 7.5% [26] -almost half of our present findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Vitamin D status and its influence on pregnancy outcomes amongst pregnant women in southeastern Nigeria

Brian-D¹,

Eberendu²,

Dolly³

et al. 2020

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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This is a prospective cross-sectional study involving 256 consecutive consenting parturient women in southeastern Nigeria. The study aimed to determine the vitamin D levels of the pregnant women together with its influence on pregnancy outcomes. It involved assay of vitamin D levels from blood samples of the women using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).Vitamin D levels were analyzed in respect of the women's biodata and pregnancy outcome variables using SPSS. Data comparison was made using chi-square test and student t-test with p-values of<0.05 at 95% confidence interval considered as significant. Of the 256 pregnant women studied, 36(14.1%) had vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Mean serum vitamin D significantly decreased with increasing parity and increasing gestational age up to term (37-42 weeks). There was progressive increase in number of women (normal and vitamin D-deficient) for labour onset between 37 th and 42nd weeks. Vitamin D levels did not influence type or mode of delivery. No trend occurred between vitamin D and both antenatal and labour complications and no relationship occurred between serum vitamin D and fetal birth weight; although number of women with VDD increased with increasing placental weight. The prevalence of VDD in pregnant women in this study (14.1%), is low. There is also no associated deleterious pregnancy outcome to justify routine antenatal vitamin D supplementation, as suggested elsewhere. A larger population and multi-centered study may perhaps elucidate further the influence of vitamin D on pregnancy outcome amongst the people in this study area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Vitamin D status and its influence on pregnancy outcomes amongst pregnant women in southeastern Nigeria

Brian-D¹,

Eberendu²,

Dolly³

et al. 2020

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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“…Our result is also in congruence with another study by Shrestha D et al 18 In this study, the authors had done cord blood screening showing mean calcium of 8.6 ± 0.9 mg/dl. Another study done by Do mean calcium of 7.1 ± 0.84 mg/dl.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However, our result is consistent with various studies done in abroad 7,11,12 as well as in Nepal. 18 These studies had showed close relation of neonatal hypocalcaemia with maternal low vitamin D level. This may be the result of clothing culture, food habit, skin colour as well as similar races.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of Hypocalcaemia in Admitted Neonates in NICU

Shrestha

Thapa

Subedi

et al. 2021

Med. J. Shree Birendra Hosp.

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Introduction: Hypocalcaemia is common metabolic manifestation in neonates and associated with both maternal and foetal conditions. Hypocalcaemia is labeled if term neonate’s total serum calcium is < 8 mg/dl and preterm has < 7 mg/dl. Association of neonatal and maternal hypovitaminosis D is very common. . Methods: One year retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary level private children hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal from 2018 June to 2019 July. Total 299 cases were selected and serum calcium were sent and analysed for its association with illness, associated maternal hypovitaminosis D and other relevant maternal tests. Result: Among 686 NICU cases, calcium level was sent for 299 cases. Among these, 254 were term and 45 were preterm babies and male to female ratio was 4:1. Mean calcium in term babies were 8.6 mg/dl and in preterm it was 8.1 mg/dl. Hypocalcaemia was found in 19% of cases with mean calcium level was 7.1 ± 0.84 mg/dl and severe hypocalcaemia accounted for 12%. There was no significant presence of hypocalcaemia in relation to gestation of newborn (p value 0.798). We found higher incidence of late onset hypocalcemia than early onset hypocalcemia but was not of statistical significance (p value 0.771). Associated disease were perinatal asphyxia, congenital heart diseases and prematurity. Among 27 late onset hypocalcaemia, 22% had hypovitaminosis D both in neonates and mother. Conclusions: Neonatal hypocalcaemia is a common condition associated with sick newborns. In late hypocalcaemia both newborn and mother should be screened for associated lab tests like vitamin D, magnesium, PTH as there may be association between the two.

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“…[ 25 ] Also, vitamin D may increase the risk of iatrogenic preterm birth by increasing the occurrence of pregnancy complications. [ 26 ] In addition, vitamin D deficiency could cause a decrease in the immune tolerance of pregnant women, resulting in a relative or absolute low of regulatory T cells, which significantly weakened the body's immunosuppressive effect, and thus could not suppress the excessive immune response and increased the risk of miscarriage. [ 27 ] However, at present, the mechanism of how maternal vitamin D deficiency causes SGA during pregnancy has not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women

Chen

2021

Medicine

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Objective:To analyze the level of vitamin D and its influencing factors in pregnant women, and to explore the influence of vitamin D deficiency on common adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women, providing evidence for prevention and intervention of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women.Methods:The basic data and blood samples of pregnant women in our hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were collected, and the 25-(OH) D levels of the serum samples were detected. Then the vitamin D levels and its influencing factors were analyzed, and the relationships between vitamin D levels and common adverse pregnancy outcomes in the pregnant women as well as the incidence of small-for-gestational-age newborns were analyzed.Results:The vitamin D deficiency rate, insufficiency rate and sufficiency rate of pregnant women were 83.28%, 15.36%, and 1.36% respectively, with vast majority of the pregnant women in a state of vitamin D deficiency. Analysis of the influencing factors on the vitamin D level of pregnant women showed “28 weeks ≤ gestational age ≤32 weeks, summer and autumn, high school education and above, weekly time outdoors ≥10 hours, supplement of vitamin D and trace elements during pregnancy” were protective factors for vitamin D sufficiency in pregnant women. Linear correlation analysis showed the vitamin D level of pregnant women was highly positively correlated with temperature, the higher the temperature, the higher the vitamin D level (r = 0.907, t = 6.818, P < .001). The level of vitamin D in pregnant women was related to the occurrence of spontaneous abortion and small-for-gestational age (SGA), with the incidence of spontaneous abortion and SGA in the “vitamin D deficiency group” higher than those of other groups (P = .018, P = .016).Conclusions:The vitamin D level of pregnant women in this area is relatively low, which is affected by multiple factors such as gestational age, season, education level of pregnant women, weekly time outdoors, vitamin D and trace element supplement during pregnancy. Low vitamin D levels can increase the risk of spontaneous abortion and SGA in pregnant women, so relevant measures should be adopted to improve the vitamin D status of pregnant women.

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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their babies in Bhaktapur, Nepal

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Vitamin D status and its influence on pregnancy outcomes amongst pregnant women in southeastern Nigeria

Vitamin D status and its influence on pregnancy outcomes amongst pregnant women in southeastern Nigeria

Occurrence of Hypocalcaemia in Admitted Neonates in NICU

Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women

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