Prevalence of Zika and malaria in patients with fever in secondary healthcare facilities in south-eastern Nigeria

Otu, Akaninyene; Udoh, Ubong; Ita, Okokon Ita; Hicks, Joseph Paul; Ukpeh, Ido; Walley, John

doi:10.1177/0049475519872580

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Regarding co-occurrence of recent ZIKV infection and malaria, this study found a frequency of co-occurrence of 17.9% (10/56), as similarly reported in other countries in Africa (32, 34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Investigation of antibodies against Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika virus in serum samples from febrile patients and its co-occurrence with malaria in six districts highly endemic for malaria in Mozambique between 2017 – 2018

Ali-Pereira

Inlamea

Muianga

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction : Arboviruses and malaria are both mosquito-borne diseases, with overlapping symptoms and geographic distribution in tropical settings. However, little information is available on the co-occurrence of arboviruses and malaria in areas highly endemic for malaria in Africa. This study was conducted with the aim to determine the frequency of recent Dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) infections and their co-occurrence with malaria in six highly endemic districts for malaria in Mozambique. Methods: Blood samples were collected from febrile outpatients between January 2017 and December 2018 and were then tested for Malaria using RDT. Serum samples from these patients were also tested using commercially available ELISA for the presence of IgM antibodies against CHIKV, ZIKV and DENV, as well as NS1 antigen for DENV. Concurrently, a questionnaire was administered to collect socio-demographic characteristics of patients. Results: Of the 906 participants enrolled, IgM antibodies against CHIKV, DENV and ZIKV were identified in 134 (14.8%), 64 (7.4%) and 83 (9.2%) individuals, respectively. Malaria was diagnosed in 56 (6.2%) participants, of which 16 (28.6%) were also positive for IgM anti CHIKV, 1 (1.8%) for DENV-NS1, 3 (5.4%) for IgM anti-DENV and 10 (17.8%) for IgM anti-ZIKV. There was a trend towards an increase in the frequency of IgM anti CHIKV positive samples, from 7.0% in 2014 to 14.8% in 2018 and IgM anti-ZIKV positive samples increased from 4.9% in 2015 to 9.2% in 2018. Conclusion : This study showed an increased frequency of arbovirus in Mozambique thus far, as well as a frequent occurrence of arbovirus among malaria positive patients. This highlighted the urgency for the establishment of sentinel surveillance sites for arboviruses and the need for an integrated management of febrile illnesses in places where arboviruses and malaria are both prevalent.

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“…Regarding co-occurrence of recent ZIKV infection and malaria, this study found a frequency of co-occurrence of 17.9% (10/56), as similarly reported in other countries in Africa (32, 34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Investigation of antibodies against Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika virus in serum samples from febrile patients and its co-occurrence with malaria in six districts highly endemic for malaria in Mozambique between 2017 – 2018

Ali-Pereira

Inlamea

Muianga

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…These two species, which now overlap in most of their distribution range appear to be well adapted to the urban environment [5,6]. In recent decades, arboviral diseases such as dengue and chikungunya have been increasingly reported across sub-Saharan Africa with important outbreaks reported in major urban settings [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. These changes in the epidemiology of arboviral diseases could be closely linked to the co-occurrence of these two competent vector species in most epidemiological settings [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Insecticide Resistance Genes in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Mosquito Populations from Cameroon

Djiappi-Tchamen

Nana-Ndjangwo

Mavridis

et al. 2021

Genes

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The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes mosquitoes could pose major challenges for arboviral-borne disease control. In this paper, insecticide susceptibility level and resistance mechanisms were assessed in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) from urban settings of Cameroon. The F1 progeny of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus collected in Douala, Yaoundé and Dschang from August to December 2020 was tested using WHO tube assays with four insecticides: deltamethrin 0.05%, permethrin 0.75%, DDT 4% and bendiocarb 0.1%. TaqMan, qPCR and RT-qPCR assays were used to detect kdr mutations and the expression profiles of eight detoxification genes. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from Douala were found to be resistant to DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin. Three kdr mutations, F1534C, V1016G and V1016I were detected in Aedes aegypti populations from Douala and Dschang. The kdr allele F1534C was predominant (90%) in Aedes aegypti and was detected for the first time in Aedes albopictus (2.08%). P450s genes, Cyp9J28 (2.23–7.03 folds), Cyp9M6 (1.49–2.59 folds), Cyp9J32 (1.29–3.75 folds) and GSTD4 (1.34–55.3 folds) were found overexpressed in the Douala and Yaoundé Aedes aegypti populations. The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus calls for alternative strategies towards the control and prevention of arboviral vector-borne diseases in Cameroon.

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“…in Abuja [37], 66.3% in Cross River State [28] and 70.8% in Ogun [38]. Previous studies in old Cross River State [39][40] had reported as high as 55.0% and 80.8% prevalence of malaria respectively, in the general population in Cross River State, Nigeria. In the same vein, 12.0% prevalence of malaria was reported in the general population in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria Also, in the general population, previous studies [41,42] had reported a total of 3,228 cases of malaria from 1983-2012, with a minimum of 61 and maximum cases of 302.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of HIV/Malaria Coinfections among HIV-1 Infected Individuals in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Old Cross River State, Nigeria

Ejike

Cookey

Adiele

et al. 2020

IJTDH

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Aims: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Malaria are the two main global public health threats that dent development in low and middle-income countries. This study evaluated the immunological marker and HIV/Malaria co-infection among individuals infected with HIV-1 in old Cross River State, Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) and University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH) between March 2018 and August 2019. Methods: A total of 417 individuals infected with HIV-1 partook in this study. The age of these individuals ranged from 4-72 years (average age = 39.1 years). Plasma samples were analyzed for HIV and Malaria using Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay. The CD4 count was enumerated using the Partec CyFlow® Counter. Plasma viral loads (PVL) were determined using the Abbott Real-Time HIV-1 assay. Results: Results showed that 230(55.1%) of the participants were in the 31-45 years age range. The majority (67.4%) of the HIV-1 infected individuals were females. An overall prevalence of HIV/Malaria coinfection in Old Cross River State, Nigeria was 14.3%, of which Uyo was 6.3% and Calabar was 3.0%. A higher prevalence of HIV/Malaria coinfection was observed among age groups <25 years (17.5%), males (5.1%), singles or divorced/widow/widower (7.7%), those with primary education (7.5%), and students (10.0%). Higher HIV/Malaria coinfection was also observed among those with CD4 cell count <200 cells/μl and 350-499 cells/μl (5.7%) and PVL >5000 copies/mL (7.9%) compared to others with 2.0% prevalence. Of all variables evaluated only marital status (p= 0.033), educational background (p= 0.000) and occupations (p =0.000) were significantly associated. Conclusions: This study further confirmed the presence of HIV/Malaria coinfection in old Cross River State, Nigeria. This study has added to the voices on the ground to give a better view on the frequency and the pattern of distribution of HIV/Malaria coinfection since limited studies have been done on this in old Cross River State, Nigeria. This, therefore, highlights the need for a well-structured approach to the management of HIV/Malaria coinfection in Nigeria.

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Prevalence of Zika and malaria in patients with fever in secondary healthcare facilities in south-eastern Nigeria

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Investigation of antibodies against Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika virus in serum samples from febrile patients and its co-occurrence with malaria in six districts highly endemic for malaria in Mozambique between 2017 – 2018

Investigation of antibodies against Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika virus in serum samples from febrile patients and its co-occurrence with malaria in six districts highly endemic for malaria in Mozambique between 2017 – 2018

Analyses of Insecticide Resistance Genes in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Mosquito Populations from Cameroon

Analysis of HIV/Malaria Coinfections among HIV-1 Infected Individuals in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Old Cross River State, Nigeria

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