Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Sleep Problems and Daytime Sleepiness in Young Adolescents With ADHD

Langberg, Joshua M.; Molitor, Stephen J.; Oddo, Lauren E.; Eadeh, Hana-May; Dvorsky, Melissa R.; Becker, Stephen P.

doi:10.1177/1087054717690810

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…Adolescents with ADHD were also more likely than adolescents without ADHD to report falling asleep in class. These findings are clinically meaningful since daytime sleepiness is common in adolescents with ADHD (Langberg et al., ) and associated with poorer academic performance in adolescents with ADHD (Langberg, Dvorsky, Marshall, & Evans, ). We also found that adolescents with ADHD were more likely than their peers to report having stayed up all night at least twice in the previous two weeks (15% and 5%, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with and without ADHD: differences across ratings, daily diary, and actigraphy

Becker

Langberg

Eadeh

et al. 2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Background Children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience greater sleep problems than their peers. Although adolescence is generally a developmental period characterized by insufficient sleep, few studies have used a multi‐informant, multi‐method design, to examine whether sleep differs in adolescents with and without ADHD. Methods Targeted recruitment was used to enroll an approximately equal number of eighth‐grade adolescents (mean age = 13 years) with (n = 162) and without ADHD (n = 140). Adolescents and parents completed global ratings of sleep problems; adolescents, parents, and teachers completed ratings of daytime sleepiness. Adolescents wore actigraphs and completed a daily sleep diary for approximately 2 weeks. Results Adolescents with ADHD were more likely than adolescents without ADHD to obtain insufficient sleep on school days (per diary) and weekends (per diary and actigraphy). Adolescents with ADHD were also more likely to report falling asleep in class and to have stayed up all night at least twice in the previous 2 weeks (14% and 5% reported all‐nighters for ADHD and comparison, respectively). In regression analyses controlling for a number of variables known to impact sleep (e.g. pubertal development, sex, medication use, having an externalizing, anxiety, or depression diagnosis), ADHD remained associated with shorter diary and actigraphy school night sleep duration, adolescent‐ and parent‐reported daytime sleepiness, and parent‐reported difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep and total sleep disturbance. Controlling for other variables, the odds of being classified with clinically elevated parent‐reported sleep disturbance were 6.20 times greater for adolescents with ADHD. Conclusions Findings provide some of the clearest evidence yet that adolescents with ADHD experience more sleep problems and sleepiness than their peers without ADHD. It may be especially important to assess for sleep problems in adolescents with ADHD and to evaluate whether existing sleep interventions are effective, or can be optimized, for use in adolescents with ADHD who also have sleep problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with and without ADHD: differences across ratings, daily diary, and actigraphy

Becker

Langberg

Eadeh

et al. 2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…This could be an extra source of distraction among pedestrians with ADHD. Moreover, other outcomes of ADHD, such as sleep disorders, substance misuse, and problems at workplace that may affect pedestrians awareness while crossing a road or walking in traffic environment [8,58,59]. An interesting study on risk factors for adverse driving outcomes in Dutch adults with ADHD demonstrated that alcohol use, and high levels of anxiety and hostility are highly prevalent among adults with ADHD interestingly discussing the mediating role of them on the risk for negative driving outcomes in drivers with ADHD [17].…”

Section: Adhd Comorbidities and Pedestrian Crash Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult ADHD screening scores and hospitalization due to pedestrian injuries: a case-control study

et al. 2020

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Abstracts Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adult ADHD screening scores and hospitalization due to pedestrian injuries in a sample of Iranian pedestrians. Methods Through a case-control study, a case population of 177 pedestrians injured by the vehicles in road traffic crashes were compared with 177 controls who lacked a record of intentional or unintentional injuries enrolled from various wards of Imam Reza University Hospital which is a specialty teaching hospital located in the same city with similar referral level. The cases and controls had an age range of 18–65 years and were matched on gender and age. ADHD symptom profile was assessed using the Persian Self-report Screening Version of the Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS-S:SV). The association of ADHD screening score and pedestrian injuries was investigated using multiple binary logistic regression to investigate the independent effect of ADHD index score on belonging to case group. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios were reported. Results Men comprised 86.4% of the study subjects. The crude odds ratios for all the four ADHD subscales to be associated with pedestrian injuries were 1.05, 1.08, and 1.04 for the subscales A (attention deficit), B (hyperactivity/impulsiveness) and ADHD index respectively. However, the association for subscale A was not statistically significant with a borderline p-value. The final multivariate analysis showed that variables associated with pedestrian injuries in the road traffic crashes were ADHD Index score (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12); economic status (including household income and expenditure capacity); educational level and total walking time per 24 h. Conclusions Adult ADHD screening score can predict pedestrian injuries leading to hospitalization independently from sex, age, economic status, educational level and pedestrian exposure to traffic environment (average walking time).

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“…Recent estimates suggest that one in five children and young adults have difficulties sleeping (Calhoun et al, 2014). There is a rapidly rising prevalence of sleep problems among adolescents, which is associated with poor functioning (Langberg et al, 2017). Therefore, the increasing prevalence of sleep problems has become a recognized international public health problem (Gradisar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Jetlag and Its Association With Screen Time and Nighttime Texting Among Adolescents in Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hena

Garmy

2020

Front. Neurosci.

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The discrepancy between social and biological clock due to sleep and wake up time difference across weekdays and weekends is referred as social jetlag. The overall aim of this study is to test whether there is an association between both screen time and nighttime texting and social jetlag among 13-to 15-year-old adolescents in Sweden. This study included a cross-sectional survey in which data were collected from all schools with grades 7 and 8 in four municipalities in southern Sweden. The sample consisted of 1518 students (72.7% response rate), among whom 50.7% were girls. Ages varied between 13 and 15 years (mean, 13.9; standard deviation (SD), 0.4). Social jetlag was defined as more than 2 h difference between bedtime and wake-up time on school days compared to weekends. The prevalence of social jetlag among this study population was 53.9%. After adjusting for age, sex, and economic status, the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis results showed that increased screen time (p < 0.001) and texting at night (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with social jetlag. Irregular bedtime and wake-up habits on school days and weekends are associated with nighttime texting and increased screen time. For future research, more focus should be given to identifying causality factors and gain an understanding of the effects of social jetlag, which will help in developing appropriate public health messages and intervention programs.

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Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Sleep Problems and Daytime Sleepiness in Young Adolescents With ADHD

Abstract: Adolescents with ADHD commonly experience problems with daytime sleepiness that may significantly affect their functioning, but this may not be directly attributable to specific sleep problems.

Cited by 47 publications

References 81 publications

Sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with and without ADHD: differences across ratings, daily diary, and actigraphy

Sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with and without ADHD: differences across ratings, daily diary, and actigraphy

Adult ADHD screening scores and hospitalization due to pedestrian injuries: a case-control study

Social Jetlag and Its Association With Screen Time and Nighttime Texting Among Adolescents in Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study

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