Prevalência de bactérias gram-negativas em portadores de HIV internados em serviço especializado

Abstract

Objective: To identify the prevalence of gram-positive bacteria in patients with HIV and who are hospitalized in specialized services. Methods: The present cross-sectional study approached 365 patients admitted in two specialized units of a teaching hospital located in the countryside of the state of São Paulo. The population was composed of 220 subjects. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained by means of individual interviews and medical record analysis. Saliva and nasal secretion were collected in the first 24 hours of the hospitalization process. Results: The prevalence of gram-negative bacteria in patients with HIV reached 14.5%, regardless of the site of their isolation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated microorganism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: The identification level of gram-negative bacteria was higher in the saliva (11.8%) than in the nasal secretion (3.6%), thus indicating that the collection of samples in more than one site may favor the identification of colonized and/or infected individuals. ResumoObjetivo: Identificar a prevalência de bactérias gram-negativas em portadores de HIV internados em serviço especializado. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, foram abordados 365 indivíduos internados em duas unidades especializadas, de um hospital escola do interior paulista, sendo a população composta por 220 sujeitos. Os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos e foram obtidos por meio de entrevista individual e consulta aos prontuários. Coletaram-se também amostras de saliva e secreção nasal nas primeiras 24 horas de internação. Resultados: A prevalência de bactérias gram-negativas em portadores de HIV foi de 14,5 % independente do sítio onde foi isolado. Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi o microorganismo mais frequentemente isolado, seguida por Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusão: A identificação de bactérias gram-negativas foi maior na saliva (11,8%) que na secreção nasal (3,6%), indicando que coletar amostras de mais de um sítio pode favorecer a identificação de indivíduos colonizados e ou infectados.

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