Prevent2Protect Project: Regulatory Focus Differences in Sexual Health Knowledge and Practices

Abstract

The way people perceive risks and make decisions about their health is regulated by two motivational systems—prevention of harm or promotion of pleasure. People more focused on prevention strive to avoid negative outcomes and enact more health-protective behaviors. In contrast, people more focused on promotion strive to attain positive outcomes and take more risks with their health. Building upon recent evidence extending this framework to sexual behaviors and health, we conducted a pre-registered online survey (OSF) with Portuguese and Spanish adults (N = 742; Mage = 31.42, SD = 9.16) to examine whether self-reported STI knowledge and sexual health practices differ based on predominant regulatory focus. This study was part of the Prevent2Protect project (OSF). Results showed that prevention-focused participants had heard about more STIs and retrieved more of their knowledge from scientific sources but had been tested for fewer STIs in the past. In contrast, promotion-focused participants indicated they had specific knowledge about more STIs, retrieved more of their knowledge from medical and peer sources, and had been tested for more STIs in the past. They also reported more frequent STI testing, using free testing facilities or asking their family practice doctor to get tested, more routine sexual health check-ups, and more use of other contraceptive methods, such as birth control pills. These results remained unchanged after controlling for demographic differences. Overall, our findings showed that different motives in sexuality shape sexual health knowledge and sexual health practices.

Evaluation of the reliability and validity of the health regulatory focus scale in Chinese samples

“…Health Regulatory Focus has a broad application scope for studying various aspects of health-related individual behaviors, including disease prevention, health promotion, health communication, and health decision-making. It can investigate factors that influence individuals to adopt preventive measures such as vaccination ( Ross, 2022 ), safe sex ( Mao et al, 2021 ), or regular check-ups ( Rodrigues et al, 2023 ). Additionally, HRF can identify factors that motivate health-promoting behaviors like exercise ( Avraham et al, 2020 ), healthy eating ( Lin and Yeh, 2017 ), and medication adherence ( O’Connor et al, 2019 ).…”