Preventative effect of diclofenac sodium and/or diltiazem in rats with epidural fibrosis

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Spinal epidural fi brosis is commonly seen after laminectomy. There is not yet proven any agent preventing fi brosis in clinical usage. We used diclofenac sodium and diltiazem, which are fi brosis inhibitors. METHODS AND MATERIALS: 40 rats were divided into four groups of equal numbers: control, diclofenac sodium, diltiazem, and diclofenac sodium + diltiazem. Laminectomies were performed at L5 and L6. After a 4 week period, the rats were decapitated and the vertebral column blocks were removed for histopathologic examination. Fibrosis percentage, spread of fi brous regions, and fi broblast numbers were evaluated in each group and compared between the groups. RESULTS: The distribution of epidural fi brosis density, percentage of fi brosis, and distribution of fi broblasts in the diclofenac sodium + diltiazem group were signifi cantly lower than in the other groups. The fi broblast numbers of the diltiazem, and diclofenac sodium + diltiazem groups were signifi cantly lower than in the other groups. CONCLUSION: Diclofenac sodium + diltiazem used together provided better outcomes because each of them prevented fi brosis via different ways, probably through synergistic action (Tab.

Impact of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in post-laminectomy epidural fibrosis in a rat model

“…For the inhibition of specific inflammatory cytokines, etanercept, a TNF-α blocker, [1] tamoxifen, a TGF-β blocker, [7] methyl palmitate, [18] and dexmedetomidine [4] have been extensively investigated. Also, there are studies using diclofenac sodium [20] and curcumin [21] as anti-inflammatory agents. All these studies showed that both inflammatory cytokine inhibition and the use of anti-inflammatory agents significantly reduced the development of epidural fibrosis by producing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.…”

“…Although the methods that create a mechanical barrier show different efficacy, they significantly reduce the development of epidural fibrosis. In addition, several studies are available in the literature reporting significantly reduced epidural fibrosis, using agents such as pentoxifylline [23] with an anti-fibroblastic effect, and diltiazem, [20] an fibroblast growth factor-2 inhibitor.…”

In vitro study of anti-inflammatory properties of methanolic extract fruits from Rosa canina L. (Rosaceae)

“…Les composés phénoliques, tels que les polyphénols, les terpénoïdes et les tanins interagissant avec les régions aliphatiques autour du résidu lysine des protéines et sont des antioxydants avec une activité anti-inflammatoire puissante [45,46]. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. De plus, il a été démontré que Rosa musquée et Rosa canina L. réduisaient la production de plusieurs cytokines pro-inflammatoires et de chimiokines [49,50].…”

“…[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. De plus, il a été démontré que Rosa musquée et Rosa canina L. réduisaient la production de plusieurs cytokines pro-inflammatoires et de chimiokines [49,50]. Il est également intéressant de noter que l'extrait de R.canina empêche la dénaturation de la SAB et de l'albumine d'oeuf, a une activité antioxydante in vitro qui est également une caractéristique de certains anti-inflammatoires [51,52].…”