Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences: The Role of Etiological, Evaluation, and Implementation Research

Building Infrastructure for Surveillance of Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences: Integrated, Multimethod Approaches to Generate Data for Prevention Action

“… 2 Since then, ACEs have been linked to toxic stress responses that negatively impact healthy brain development, leading to increased risk for adverse health outcomes, violence victimization and perpetration, and reduced economic and life opportunities. 3 – 5 Unfortunately, ACEs are common. Almost 2 in 3 adults report experiencing ≥1 type of ACE, and nearly 1 in 6 reports having experienced ≥4 types of ACEs.…”

“… 2 , 7 , 8 ACEs literature supports that these 10 types of ACEs are, individually and cumulatively, associated with numerous poor health outcomes and risk behaviors. 3 – 5 , 15 – 17 However, published literature does not provide a theoretical or empirical rationale to explain why these specific types of ACEs were included in the original ACEs Study, 8 despite being widely considered impactful and important. Notably, however, these 10 types of ACEs do not comprise a comprehensive view of childhood adversities and may not adequately include some adversities—such as experiences of discrimination or poverty—that disproportionately impact some communities and contribute to health inequity.…”

Distinct neuronal excitability alterations of medial prefrontal cortex in early‐life neglect model of rats

“…Childhood is a critical period for brain development. Early‐life neglect has been a social trend during global urbanization, leading to negative effects in both urban and rural areas 1 . Exposure to early‐life neglect induces early‐life stress (ELS), which has extensive influences on the central nervous system, including behavior, emotion, and cognition, and could increase the risk of long‐lasting effects on brain development 2 and changes in personal characteristic, and may cause symptoms including cognitive impairment, 3 anxiety, depression, addiction, 4 and impulsivity 5 .…”

Fostering better outcomes for youth of parents with opioid use disorder

“…Given the chronicity of OUD, multiple separations often ensue while that parent is actively using or is in an inpatient drug treatment (Feder et al, 2019). Some have witnessed an overdose and many of these youth lose their parent to overdose, yet another ACE (Matjasko et al, 2022). When a parent has OUD, reunification occurs slower and is less likely than that of parents with other types of SUDs (Radel et al, 2018; Winstanley & Stover, 2019).…”

“…When a parent has OUD, reunification occurs slower and is less likely than that of parents with other types of SUDs (Radel et al, 2018; Winstanley & Stover, 2019). Still, not all families in which a parent has OUD have the same level of dysfunction and some may be able to remain intact with added resources and support (Matjasko et al, 2022). Children often desire to remain with their parents (Palumbo et al, 2021) and some evidence supports that retaining custody facilitates parent's recovery (Hall et al, 2016).…”