Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional Facilities

Parvez, Farah M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1807-3_11

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 59 publications

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“…Mycobacterial disease such as tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the world’s leading infectious diseases, claiming over 1.5 million lives annually or 4000 lives each day, and the Global TB Report 2020 predicts that 10 million new cases and 1.4 million fatalities occurred in 2019 ( Chakaya et al., 2021 ; Parvez, 2022 ). Antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) is accountable for 3.4 percent of new TB infections worldwide and up to 50% of earlier treated patients in certain parts of the globe ( Goff et al., 2020 ; Harding, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Omics to Study Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Ahamad

Gupta

Parashar

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Mycobacteria are members of the Actinomycetales order, and they are classified into one family, Mycobacteriaceae. More than 20 mycobacterial species cause disease in humans. The Mycobacterium group, called the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), has nine closely related species that cause tuberculosis in animals and humans. TB can be detected worldwide and one-fourth of the world’s population is contaminated with tuberculosis. According to the WHO, about two million dies from it, and more than nine million people are newly infected with TB each year. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the most potential causative agent of tuberculosis and prompts enormous mortality and morbidity worldwide due to the incompletely understood pathogenesis of human tuberculosis. Moreover, modern diagnostic approaches for human tuberculosis are inefficient and have many lacks, while MTBC species can modulate host immune response and escape host immune attacks to sustain in the human body. “Multi-omics” strategies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and deep sequencing technologies could be a comprehensive strategy to investigate the pathogenesis of mycobacterial species in humans and offer significant discovery to find out biomarkers at the early stage of disease in the host. Thus, in this review, we attempt to understand an overview of the mission of “omics” approaches in mycobacterial pathogenesis, including tuberculosis, leprosy, and other mycobacterial diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Omics to Study Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Ahamad

Gupta

Parashar

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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WHO’s end of TB targets: unachievable by 2035 without addressing under nutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness: trend analysis from 2015 to 2022

Ayenew,

Belay,

Gashaw

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, despite the World Health Organization (WHO) actively working towards its eradication through various initiatives and programs. Undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness worsen TB’s burden and challenge control efforts; however, there is still no adequate research that shows the trend of these underlying factors to attain the WHO’s ambitious TB targets. So, this study aims to analyze the trend analysis of these underlying factors worldwide from 2015 to 2022 and their impact on the feasibility and implications of reaching the End TB targets by 2035. We utilized international databases, including UNHCR, FAO, and WHO reports, as secondary data sources. Data were extracted chronologically from 2015 to 2022 to illustrate trends in undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness on a global level.This trend analysis reveals that undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness have worsened over time. Undernutrition rose from 8.4 to 9.8% globally between 2015 and 2021, affecting 22.7 million additional individuals each year. In 2022, undernutrition affected 735 million people globally. Africa (21.9%) and Asia (10.6%) had the highest rates, while Western Europe and North America had lower rates than the global average: 3.4% and 2.5%, respectively.Similarly, the global rate of forced displacement increased from 65.1 million people in 2015 to 108.4 million in 2022, a 21% increase from 2021. This means that an extra 19 million people were displaced in 2021. Globally, homelessness, affecting 1.6 billion people, has worsened over time. Despite being a highly vulnerable group to TB, homeless individuals are often neglected in TB control efforts. Our findings underscore the critical importance of addressing undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness in achieving the World Health Organization’s ambitious End TB targets by 2035, as highlighted through trend analysis from 2015 to 2022. Implementing policies focusing on nutrition, stable housing, and the challenges faced by displaced populations is imperative for progress toward a TB-free world.

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Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional Facilities

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Using Omics to Study Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Using Omics to Study Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

WHO’s end of TB targets: unachievable by 2035 without addressing under nutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness: trend analysis from 2015 to 2022

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