Prevention of Bacterial Wilt of Grasses by Phylloplane Bacteria

Schmidt, D.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1988.tb01014.x

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The idea of using this non-pathogenic strain to protect plants from disease is logical. In previous experiments (Schmidt, 1988), avirulent X.C. graminis showed a protective effect at least as efficient as the best strains of Pseudomonas Juorescens or other phylloplane bacteria.…”

Section: 'Premunition' Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis¹

Schmidt

1989

EPPO Bulletin

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Isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis are known to vary in pathogenicity, which may be lost more or less rapidly in culture on artificial media. Inoculation of Lolium multiflorum with mixtures of a highly pathogenic strain and increasing proportions of a nonpathogenic strain of X. c. graminis resulted in a decreasing disease expression and mortality. Re‐isolation from plants inoculated with 1% pathogenic and 99% non‐pathogenic bacteria resulted mostly in highly pathogenic monobacterial colonies. Of about 200 colonies, 3% were non‐pathogenic. A few isolates had an intermediate pathogenicity. It has not been established whether they were pure strains or mixtures of pathogenic and non‐pathogenic bacteria. All isolates from plants inoculated with the non‐pathogenic strain were non‐pathogenic. The nonpathogenic bacteria multiplied inside the plants, but they were mostly found in the inoculated leaves. Thirty pots containing each about 20 plants of Italian ryegrass were pre‐inoculated with non‐pathogenic strains and, 4 weeks later, they were cut with scissors contaminated by pathogenic X. c. graminis. The disease was highly reduced in about half of the pots. Further experiments are needed to judge the expediency of such a ‘premunition’ of grasses.

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Section: 'Premunition' Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis¹

Schmidt

1989

EPPO Bulletin

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“…Importance of temperature in disease epidemics has also been reported for another pathovar of X. campestris (3). Additionally, the colonization and infection of plants by a pathogen can be suppressed by antagonistic microbes such as non-pathogenic phyllosphere bacteria (9,13,14). Popu lations of X campestris pv.…”

Section: Days After the 1st Applicationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Control withXanthomonas campestrispv.poannuain New York State

Zhou

Neal

1995

Weed technol.

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California and Michigan strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. poannua were compared as biocontrol agents for the annual and perennial subspecies of annual bluegrass. Additionally, inoculation frequency was evaluated for improved control of the perennial subspecies in New York. The two bacterial strains were similarly virulent to annual bluegrass in both growth chamber and field tests. When inoculated once per week for 4 wk, the annual and perennial subspecies were controlled 92 and 82% in growth chamber tests, but only 11 and 7% in field tests, respectively. Control of established annual bluegrass in the field was improved to a maximum of about 40% by increasing inoculation frequency to three times per wk for 4 wk, but recovery occurred 2 to 5 wk after inoculations were discontinued. Creeping bentgrass was not affected by the bacterium.

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“…In severe cases, the plants die within a few days after inoculation. Since treatments with antibiotics are undesired in forage production, and both the disinfection of mowing equipment and induced systemic resistance with epiphytic bacteria have not yielded satisfactory results (Schmidt, 1988), resistance breeding is currently the only applicable and accepted measure to prevent substantial yield losses. So far, resistance breeding programmes have been based on artificial seedling inoculation in the greenhouse and targeted recurrent phenotypic selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and molecular genetic characterization indicate no major race‐specific interactions between Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis and Lolium multiflorum

et al. 2010

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Bacterial wilt of forage grasses, caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis (Xtg), is a major disease of forage grasses such as Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). The plant genotype-bacterial isolate interaction was analysed to elucidate the existence of race-specific responses and to assist the identification of plant disease resistance genes. In a greenhouse experiment, 62 selected plant genotypes were artificially inoculated with six different bacterial isolates. Significant differences in resistance were observed among L. multiflorum genotypes (P < 0AE001) and in virulence (intensity of disease symptoms) among Xtg isolates (P < 0AE001) using the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). No significant genotype-isolate interaction (P > 0AE05) could be observed using linear regression modelling. However, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction effects (AMMI) analysis revealed five genotypes which did not cluster close to the origin of the biplot, indicating specific interactions between these genotypes and some bacterial isolates. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify marker-resistance associations using the same plant genotypes and bacterial isolates. The SSR marker NFA027 located on linkage group (LG) 5 was significantly associated with bacterial wilt resistance across all six bacterial isolates and explained up to 37AE4% of the total variance of AUDPC values. Neither the inoculation experiment nor the SSR analyses revealed major host genotype-pathogen isolate interactions, thus suggesting that Xtg resistance, observed so far, is effective across a broad range of different bacterial isolates and plant genotypes.

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Prevention of Bacterial Wilt of Grasses by Phylloplane Bacteria

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis¹

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis¹

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Control withXanthomonas campestrispv.poannuain New York State

Phenotypic and molecular genetic characterization indicate no major race‐specific interactions between Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis and Lolium multiflorum

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Prevention of Bacterial Wilt of Grasses by Phylloplane Bacteria

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis1

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis1

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Control withXanthomonas campestrispv.poannuain New York State

Phenotypic and molecular genetic characterization indicate no major race‐specific interactions between Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis and Lolium multiflorum

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Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis¹

Experiments with a non‐pathogenic strain of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis¹