Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus Outpatient: Focusing on Antiplatelet, Statins and Irrational Antihypertensive Drug Use

Lie, Putri G. C. E.; Irawati, Sylvi; Presley, B.J.

doi:10.15416/ijcp.2016.5.3.169

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The characteristics of DM with complications at RSU Nene Mallomo Sidenreng Rappang were heart failure as many as 6 patients (20%), while at Galur II and Panjatan II Kulon Progo Public Health Centers the most was hypertension with 16 patients (26.67%). Previous studies done by Lie et al (2016) states that 40% of DM patients have a history of cardiovascular disease and as many as 48% of patients have hypertension. Macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes occur mainly due to prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia with risk factors such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and genetic predisposition (Paneni et al, 2013).…”

Section: Subject Demographics Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct medical cost of metformin and metformin-glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

et al. 2022

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) requires long-term therapy. Selection of the right therapy was very important to provide optimal results at an affordable cost. One of the main standards of oral antidiabetic therapy prescribed for type 2 DM (T2DM) is metformin, either alone or in combination therapy. The purpose of this study was to describe the direct medical costs in type 2 DM patients between metformin and metformin-glimepiride therapy. This research was an observational and descriptive. Demographic and clinical data were taken prospectively from the complete medical records of data patients with the main diagnosis of DM who fulfilled the inclusion criteria in the period January 2019-November 2020 at RSU Nene Mallomo Sidenreng Rappang, South Sulawesi and the two Public Health Centers namely Puskesmas Galur. II and Panjatan II Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. Cost data includes total medical costs from the hospital/ healthcare perspective (cost of drugs, doctor's services and checkups, fees for checking Random Blood Glucose (RBG) and total costs from the Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS)/ payer perspective (INA-CBG's rates) were covered by insurance. The results showed that the average direct medical costs at the hospital and the two Public Health Centers respectively were metformin therapy in IDR (Indonesian Rupiah) namely IDR 120.736 and IDR 9.072,-and metformin-glimepiride therapy of IDR 126.298,-and IDR 18.634,-. It can be concluded that the average direct medical cost of metformin therapy is lower than metformin-glimepiride therapy.This is an open access article under the CC-BY-SA license.

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Section: Subject Demographics Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct medical cost of metformin and metformin-glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

et al. 2022

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“…In a previous study with a total subject of 29,863 patients (5,501 patients with DM and 24,362 patients without), the patients with DM had a 10%, 53%, 58%, and 112% higher risks for coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure respectively ( 3 ). There is a fairly high rate of CVD incidence and mortality in diabetic patients, where the patients have a two to three times higher risks of developing CVD ( 4 ). Based on the high risks of CVD, WHO made a chart of cardiovascular disease risk assessment for the following 10 years which refers to the Framingham Heart Study which has been modified to be simpler.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Cardiovascular Complication Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Medan, Indonesia. A Cross-sectional Study

Amelia¹,

Wijaya²,

Rusdiana³

et al. 2022

Med Arch

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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a disease associated with impaired heart and blood vessel function. The occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is due to an imbalance in blood glucose that could cause damage to large and small blood vessels and increase platelet aggregation, contributing to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. It could be attributed to high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of movement, obesity, high cholesterol, unbalanced diet. CVD can be prevented, especially in at-risk groups, with risk assessment utilizing the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Objective The study aimed to to analyze the risk of CVD according to the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in type 2 DM patients in Medan Methods: The data were collected with the Framingham Risk Score, which consisted of sub-variables of age, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBM), history of DM, and history of smoking, which were assessed by gender. It was a cross-sectional analytic study with consecutive sampling on 252 respondents, namely DM patients who came for treatment or control to the health centers in Medan and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were then analyzed with SPSS. Results: The respondents consisted of 197 women (78.2%) and 55 men (21.8%). The results were predominated with high risk patients (139, 55.2%), followed by those with medium risks (80, 31.7%), and low risks (33, 13.1%). Chi-square test yielded a significant association between each sub-variable of CVD risk factors and the risks based on FRS in type 2 DM patients Conclusion: Each sub-variable of CVD risk factors and the risks on FRS among type 2 DM patients. In future studies, it is recommended to include that a larger number of samples in the community with a balanced proportion of men and women.

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“…14 15 Another study in ambulatory patients with diabetes with established CVD in Surabaya revealed the phenomenon of underprescribing with 43% of eligible patients not receiving statins. 16 Studies investigating the consequences of underprescribing and overprescribing of statins are scarce. Nevertheless, one case study in a UK population with a ≥20% of 10-year risk of developing CVD, indicating the use of statins for primary prevention of strengths and limitations of this study ► This is the first study to gain insights from physicians on key factors influencing their decision in prescribing statins in a lower middle-income country setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key factors influencing the prescribing of statins: a qualitative study among physicians working in primary healthcare facilities in Indonesia

Irawati

Prayudeni

Rachmawati³

et al. 2020

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesTo elicit key factors influencing physicians’ decision to prescribe statins.DesignA qualitative study using a phenomenological approach within a pragmatism interpretive framework. A combination of purposive and snowball sampling was used to recruit physicians. Data were collected through face-to-face, semistructured interviews with physicians working in primary healthcare facilities in a capital of a province in Indonesia. We recorded and verbatim transcribed the interviews. Coding was done independently by two researchers and data were analysed using phenomenological data analyses. Key factors influencing physicians’ decision to prescribe statins were classified into factors at the microlevels, mesolevels and macrolevels according to the structural model by Scoggins et al.Participants and settingPhysicians working in primary healthcare facilities in a capital of a province in Indonesia.ResultsTen physicians were included in the study. Key factors at the microlevel were that physicians knew guidelines in general, but there was uncertainty how to take into account the level of total cholesterol in combination with other cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. At the macrolevel, the new National Health Insurance System (NHIS) that appeared to facilitate the prescription of statins though more clinical information should be integrated in the system’s platform to support appropriate prescribing.ConclusionsThe findings indicate lack of awareness of specific details in current guideline recommendations. Appropriate prescribing of statins should be enhanced using the new NHIS.

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Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus Outpatient: Focusing on Antiplatelet, Statins and Irrational Antihypertensive Drug Use

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Direct medical cost of metformin and metformin-glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Direct medical cost of metformin and metformin-glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Risk of Cardiovascular Complication Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Medan, Indonesia. A Cross-sectional Study

Key factors influencing the prescribing of statins: a qualitative study among physicians working in primary healthcare facilities in Indonesia

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