Prevention of Japanese encephalitis virus infections by low-degree-polymerisation sulfated saccharides from Gracilaria sp. and Monostroma nitidum

Anti-inflammatory activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the brown alga Sargassum cristaefolium

“…At 400 mg/mL the original three SCP polysaccharides with 1193.2, 864.4, and 386.1 kDa had higher NO inhibitory activity than the degraded polysaccharides with 106.3, 55.9, 15.4, and 1.9 kDa. Similar results were reported by Kazlowski et al (2012) who demonstrated that larger Mw polysaccharides from M. nitidum have higher antiviral activities, and by Zhang et al (2008) who reported on the anticoagulant activity of polysaccharides from M. latissimum.…”

“…However, Zhang et al (2008) reported that the anticoagulant activities of polysaccharides with Mws of 10.6e61.9 kDa from the green seaweed Monostroma latissimum decrease with a decrease in Mw. Kazlowski, Chiu, Kazlowska, Pan, and Wu (2012) demonstrated that the original sulfated polysaccharide from the green seaweed Monostroma nitidum has higher antiviral activity compared with that of its two smaller degraded polysaccharides. Therefore, it appears that the effects of polysaccharide Mw on bioactivity vary with the type of activity tested.…”

Monitoring and preparation of neoagaro- and agaro-oligosaccharide products by high performance anion exchange chromatography systems

“…This system was also applicable to production of oligosaccharides with DP 6, 24 and 30 from Gracilaria sp. and Monostroma nitidum polysaccharides (Kazłowski et al, 2012). The NH2-HPLC system successfully separated compounds with DPs 1-12 with high resolution and purity.…”

“…has showed a distinctly higher positive effect on survivability in Japanese encephalitis virus infected C3H/HeN mice in comparison to their polysaccharides (Kazłowski, Chiu, Kazłowska, Pan, & Wu, 2012). The in vivo antiviral activity has been connected with better absorption of the sulfated oligosaccharides with DP 6 than undigested PS (Kazłowski et al, 2012). The AOS with DPs 2-4 (A2-A4) are able to suppress the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-␣ and the expression of iNOS, an enzyme associated with the production of NO in in vitro studies (Kato, Enoki, & Sagawa, 2001).…”

“…Recently, low-DP sulfated saccharides (DP 6) from an agar-bearing alga Gracilaria sp. has showed a distinctly higher positive effect on survivability in Japanese encephalitis virus infected C3H/HeN mice in comparison to their polysaccharides (Kazłowski, Chiu, Kazłowska, Pan, & Wu, 2012). The in vivo antiviral activity has been connected with better absorption of the sulfated oligosaccharides with DP 6 than undigested PS (Kazłowski et al, 2012).…”