Prevention of type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance: the European Diabetes Prevention RCT in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

Abstract

Background: Diabetes prevalence is increasing. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) showed a 58% reduction in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) incidence in adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The European Diabetes Prevention Study (EDIPS) extends the DPS to different European populations, using the same study design. In the Newcastle arm of this study (EDIPSNewcastle), we tested the hypothesis that T2D can be prevented by lifestyle intervention and explored secondary outcomes in relation to diabetes incidence.

Sex-specific differences in diabetes prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…We contacted authors of the remaining 15 RCTs regarding sexspecific results of their studies. Authors of nine RCTs supplied unpublished sex-specific data upon request [14,15,21,24,34,36,38,39,51].…”

“…Seven RCTs with more than 1,200 men and 970 women compared lifestyle interventions with treatment as usual [2,14,15,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][48][49][50][51]. Follow-up periods lasted up to 6 years.…”

“…People in control groups received counselling about diabetes, verbal and written information about diet and exercise or consultation of a dietitian at the beginning of the study phase. Six studies provided sexstratified data on 1,644 men and women with prediabetes for meta-analyses of the effect of lifestyle interventions on diabetes incidence, body weight, fasting plasma glucose and 2 h post-challenge-glucose after 1 and 3 years of follow-up [2,15,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][48][49][50][51].…”

“…Diabetes incidence We conducted meta-analyses of four RCTs [34][35][36][37][38][39] with data on 884 people with prediabetes to assess sex-specific differences of the effect of lifestyle interventions on the prevention of progression to type 2 diabetes. After 1 year, prediabetic people receiving lifestyle interventions had a numerically lower (albeit not statistically significant) risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes than people in the treatment as usual groups (RR 0.…”

“…Body weight Pooled results of three RCTs [35][36][37][38][39] showed that 1 year of lifestyle interventions was more effective in reducing body weight than treatment as usual. Overall, people with prediabetes receiving lifestyle interventions achieved an additional mean weight reduction of −2.44 kg (95% CI −3.…”