Preventive Effect of Naringin on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Mechanism of Action: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which consists of cluster of conditions, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and visceral obesity, is affecting population worldwide. Studies have shown that plant derived flavonoids have the ability to alleviate MetS. Naringin is a type of glycoside flavonoid found in most plant and it plays a critical role in the treatment of MetS due to its antioxidant activity and ability to regulate cytokines. Methods. A systematic review was done to study the effects of naringin on the metabolic diseases using electronic databases which include Ovid and Scopus using specific descriptors published from the year 2010 till present to provide updated literature on this field. The articles were assessed and chosen based on the criteria in which the mechanisms and effects of naringin on different metabolic diseases were reported. Results. Thirty-four articles were identified which referred to the studies that correspond to the previously stated criteria. Subsequently after screening for the articles that were published after the year 2010, finally, 19 articles were selected and assessed accordingly. Based on the assessment, naringin could alleviate MetS by reducing visceral obesity, blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile and regulating cytokines. Conclusions. Naringin is an antioxidant that appears to be efficacious in alleviating MetS by preventing oxidative damage and proinflammatory cytokine release. However, the dosage used in animal studies might not be achieved in human trials. Thus, adequate investigation needs to be conducted to confirm naringin’s effects on humans.

Effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (Chayote) on Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Markers in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: An Exploratory Study

“…These enzymes are considered a marker of liver function since their increase in serum is due to their escape from the hepatocyte into the circulation by an increase in membrane permeability. In this sense, the hepatoprotective effect and probably the improvement observed at the renal level could be associated with the flavones present in S. edule , since the active ingredients such as apigenin, quercetin and naringenin have been identified as possible therapeutic agents against tissue damage by various mechanisms, among which is the regulation of the synthesis of phospholipids in the membrane, the prevention of oxidative damage and the diminution of proinflammatory cytokine release, as has been reported by other researchers [40,41,42,43,44].…”

Anti-inflammatory effect of naringin and sericin combination on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) from patient with psoriasis

“…In addition, naringin extracted from citrus plants is a rich source of flavonoids with various pharmacological benefits such as anti-inflammatory activity and inhibitory activity on chemokine production associated with psoriasis pathogenesis [11]. Moreover, naringin has been proved to exert positive effects on hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and obesity [12]. The anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of 1, 2, and 4% (w/w) naringin ointment have been reported [13].…”

Evaluation of novel green walnut liqueur as a source of antioxidants: Multi-method approach

“…Several quercetin glycosides, including quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, have been detected in the healthy tissue of walnut husks of six Juglans regia cultivars, whereas their content significantly increased after infection (Mikulic-Petkovsek et al 2011). Naringin and naringenin can be found in citrus fruits (Raja Kumar et al 2019), thus the presence of these flavonoids in GWL can be explained by the unique recipe which includes the addition of oranges and lemons. Chlorogenic acid is among the principal phenolic compounds contained in most herbs and spices, as well as p-coumaric and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Shan et al 2005).…”