Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Increases B.1.1.7 Cross-Neutralization by Vaccinated Individuals

Abstract

With the spread of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is a need to assess the protection conferred by both previous infections and current vaccination. Here we tested the neutralizing activity of infected and/or vaccinated individuals against pseudoviruses expressing the spike of the original SARS-CoV-2 isolate Wuhan-Hu-1 (WH1), the D614G mutant and the B.1.1.7 variant. Our data show that parameters of natural infection (time from infection and nature of the infecting variant) determined cross-neutralization. Uninfected vaccinees showed a small reduction in neutralization against the B.1.1.7 variant compared to both the WH1 strain and the D614G mutant. Interestingly, upon vaccination, previously infected individuals developed more robust neutralizing responses against B.1.1.7, suggesting that vaccines can boost the neutralization breadth conferred by natural infection.

High-titre methylene blue-treated convalescent plasma as an early treatment for outpatients with COVID-19: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial

“…27 After transfusion, we further characterised plasma post hoc with a pseudovirus-based neutralising antibody assay that used a spike from the virus lineage Wuhan-Hu-1. 28 The plasmid SARS-CoV-2.SctΔ19 was generated (GeneArt) from the full protein sequence of the original Wuhan-Hu-1 lineage B SARS-CoV-2 spike (Genbank MN908947.3) with a deletion of the last 19 amino acids in C-terminal. The sequence was human-codon optimised and inserted into pcDNA3.1(+).…”

Clinical course impacts early kinetics,magnitude, and amplitude of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies beyond 1 year after infection

“…This fact could be related to antibody evolution after recovery from infection and is consistent with data reporting increased cross-neutralization in vaccinated or unvaccinated COVID-19 convalescent individuals. 48,58,59 Therefore, we exclusively observed a significant reduction of titers for the Beta variant, resulting in a high frequency of individuals with undetectable or low (<250) neutralizing capacities that were significantly higher in non-hospitalized individuals. When analyzing the clinical and demographic factors that could influence the longterm neutralizing antibody response, we did not observe any differences between women and men.…”

“…60 SARS-CoV-2.SctD19 was generated (GeneArt) from the full protein sequence of the original WH1 SARS-CoV-2 spike (Genbank MN908947.3) with a deletion of the last 19 amino acids in C-terminal, 61 human-codon optimized and inserted into pcDNA3.1(+). A similar procedure was followed to generate expression plasmids for the alpha (69-70 del, Y144 del, N501Y, A570D, P681H, T716I, S982A and D1118H), beta (L18F, D80S, D215G, L242_244 Del, R246I, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G, A701V) and delta (T19R, 157-158del, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, D950N) variants of SARS-CoV-2 S protein 59 according to consensus data (www.outbreak.info/). Expi293F cells were transfected using ExpiFectamine293 Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with pNL4-3.Luc.R-.E-and SARS-CoV-2.SctD19 (WH1, alpha, beta or delta), at an 8:1 ratio, respectively.…”

SARS-CoV-2 Variants: A Synopsis of In Vitro Efficacy Data of Convalescent Plasma, Currently Marketed Vaccines, and Monoclonal Antibodies

“…Additionally, a single injection of mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 has been shown enough to induce novel antibody specificities that protect against the B.1.351 VOC [ 15 ]: a similar phenomenon has been reported after 2 BNT162b2 doses against B.1.1.7 [ 16 ]. Neutralizing antibody titers increased in previously infected BNT162b2 vaccinees relative to uninfected vaccinees against every variant tested: 5.2-fold against B.1.1.7, 6.5-fold against B.1.351, 4.3-fold against P.1, and 3.4-fold against original SARS-CoV-2 [ 17 ].…”