Primary Intracranial Melanoma with Early Leptomeningeal Spread: A Case Report and Treatment Options Available

Rajan, Balakrishnan; Porag, R.; Asif, Dewan Shamsul; Satter, A. M. Rejaus; Taufiq,; Gaddam, Samson Sujit Kumar

doi:10.1155/2015/293802

Cited by 33 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Amelanotic melanoma and melanoma without a hemorrhagic component tend to appear iso-long signal on T1WI and moderately long signal on T2WI. [ 17 ] Most of the lesion of our case was old intratumoral hemorrhage, appearing on MRI short T1 and long T2 signals, which was also somewhat different from previous cases.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Primary cerebral melanomas are supposed to be treated by complete resections plus effective postoperative radiochemotherapy. [ 17 , 18 ] In recent years, the most effective and common chemotherapy drug is dacarbazine, which could be used after operation or radiotherapy, presenting the effectiveness rate of 16% to 20%. [ 3 ] Previously, some researches indicated that stereotaxic radiosurgery (SRS), alone or plus whole-brain radiotherapy, might improve lifespans of cerebral melanoma patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Primary cerebral malignant melanoma

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary intracranial melanomas are uncommon and constitute approximately 1% of all melanoma cases and 0.07% of all brain tumors. In nature, these primary melanomas are very aggressive and can spread to other organs.We report an uncommon case of primary cerebral malignant melanoma—a challenging diagnosis guided by clinical presentations, radiological features, and surgical biopsy results, aiming to emphasize the importance of considering primary melanoma when making differential diagnoses of intracranial lesions.We present a rare case of a primary cerebral melanoma in the left temporal lobe. The mass appeared iso-hypodense on brain computed tomography (CT), short signal on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (T1WI) and long signal on T2WI. It was not easy to make an accurate diagnosis before surgery. We showed the patient's disease course and reviewed related literatures, for readers’ reference. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. Because of this, there is no need to conduct special ethic review and the ethical approval is not necessary.After surgery, the pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of melanoma. The patient was discharged without any complications and went on to receive adjuvant radiochemotherapy.It is difficult to diagnose primary cerebral melanoma in the absence of any cutaneous melanosis. A high index of clinical suspicion along with good pathology reporting is the key in diagnosing these extremely rare tumors.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary cerebral malignant melanoma

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Melanomas do not stain for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and this differentiates it from meningioma. Our patient’s tumor also showed positivity for HMB-45 and S 100 and was negative for EMA [ 5 ]. It also had features suggestive of necrosis and increased mitotic activity with cellular atypia more favouring a malignant process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complete surgical removal of the intracranial tumor is the mainstay of management. The adjuvant treatment options include radiotherapy (focal, whole brain or craniospinal) depending on the extent of the disease at presentation [ 5 ]. Intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy was tried by various researchers with some benefit in metastatic melanoma, but not in primary leptomeningeal melanoma [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocutaneous Melanosis with Leptomeningeal Melanoma Involving Supratentorium and Infratentorium

Thomas

Patel

Varghese

et al. 2018

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neurocutaneous melanoma is a rare congenital syndrome associated with congenital melanocytic nevi with meningeal melanosis or melanoma. The disease is aggressive and has a high propensity for leptomeningeal metastases. We present the case history of a man with neurocutaneous melanoma managed with radical excision followed by hypofractionated adjuvant radiotherapy. One year, eight months later, he had a recurrence of the condition with leptomeningeal spread and was managed with re-excision of the recurrent lesion. Although our patient was disease-free for 20 months after the initial surgery, he survived only approximately five months after the second surgery, which reflects the associated poor prognosis of the disease.

show abstract

“…Primary malignant melanomas of the central nervous system (CNS) represent only 1% of all melanomas and as little as 0.07% of all brain tumors. 1 To date, the relevant literature has reported < 30 cases [1][2][3] that can be classified with relative certainty as primary malignant CNS melanomas. Primary amelanotic melanomas are even rarer (►Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%