Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Oral Mucosa

Rapidis, Alexander D.; Apostolidis, Charalabos; Vilos, Georgios A; Valsamis, S.

doi:10.1016/s0278-2391(03)00670-0

Cited by 82 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…12,13 Since oral mucosal melanomas carry a 5-year estimate survival rate of 40%, early diagnosis is of utmost importance. 14 If excision is not performed, the oral melanotic macule should at least be monitored at frequent intervals for any change in shape, size, or color. 15 Initially, the differential diagnoses for this case included strictly pigmented lesions and combined with the generalized clinical appearance, the lesion did not suggest a GCF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanotic Macule in Conjunction with a Giant Cell Fibroma

Seitz

Dinh

Yoon

2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Introduction The aim of this study is to describe a case of a melanotic macule found in conjunction with a giant cell fibroma (GCF). For oral pigmented lesions without an identifiable etiologic factor, critical factors in determining the differential diagnosis are clinical history, symmetry, and uniformity of the lesions. Potential differential diagnosis includes racial pigmentation, endocrine disturbance, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, trauma, hemochromatosis, oral malignant melanoma, or idiopathic etiology and melanotic macules. Melanotic macules are the most common solitary pigmented melanocytic lesions in the oral mucosa, corresponding to 86.1% of melanocytic lesions of the mouth. Giant cell fibromas are reactive connective tissue lesions in the oral cavity. They were first described as a distinct entity in 1974 by Weathers and Callihan and make up around 5 to 10% of all oral mucosa fibrous lesions. They are commonly mistaken for other growths, such as pyogenic granuloma and fibroma, and diagnosis is accurately based on its distinctive histopathology. This article presents the clinicopathologic findings of a 15-year-old Hispanic male presenting for biopsy of a melanotic macule on the mandibular anterior buccal gingiva. Histologic evaluation of the specimen revealed that the lesion also contained a GCF. Pathologic lesions of the mouth should be carefully diagnosed. Conventionally, histologic evaluation is the gold standard to produce a final diagnosis. As evidenced in this article, multiple lesions may exist in a site and may be mistakenly diagnosed as a single entity. Clinical significance While each lesion has been reported individually, in reviewing the literature, no cases were reported in which both histopathologic findings of GCF and melanotic macule were present within the same lesion. How to cite this article Seitz SD, Dinh TN, Yoon TYH. Melanotic Macule in Conjunction with a Giant Cell Fibroma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):981-985.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanotic Macule in Conjunction with a Giant Cell Fibroma

Seitz

Dinh

Yoon

2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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“…POMM lesions are usually found during routine dental examination. Alternatively, symptoms may include complaints of ill-fitting dentures, ulceration, and bleeding (Patel et al, 2002;Rapidis et al, 2003;Gavriel et al, 2010). In Figure 1, an example of oral mucosal melanoma can be observed.…”

Section: Clinicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Undifferentiated tumor cell morphology, vascular and neural invasion, tumor necrosis, thickness of the tumor, cervical lymph node metastasis are considered to be independent predictors of outcome (Lopez et al, in press;Kerr et al, 2012;Prasad et al, 2002). Five-year survival rate have been reported to be within the range of 4.5 to 48.0% (Shuman et al, 2011;Gonzalez-Garcia et al, 2005;Rapidis et al, 2003). Prasad et al (2012) investigating molecular predictors of prognosis in mucosal melanomas reported that Bcl-2 expression is associated with better survival.…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Head and Neck: Primary oral mucosal melanoma

Coutinho‐Camillo¹,

Lourenço²,

Soares³

2017

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

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Primary Oral Mucosal Melanoma (POMM) is an aggressive and rare disease that involves mostly the hard palate and upper gingiva, followed by mandibular gingiva, lip mucosa, and other oral sites. POMM develops primarily between the 5th and 8th decades of life and most studies report a similar distribution between males and females. In contrast to cutaneous melanomas, the risk factors and pathogenesis are poorly understood. However, genetic profiling of mucosal melanomas have identified a number of altered genes, such as KIT, BRAF and N-RAS, suggesting that molecular pathways like the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (RAS/MEK/ERK) and the phosphotidylinositol-3-kinase-PTEN pathway (PI3K/AKT/PTEN/mTOR) might be used for potential targeted therapy.

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“…The five-year survival reported in the literature for oral melanomas varies from 0 -20 % (Liversedge, 1975, Rapidis et al, 2003, Rapini et al, 1985, whereas the overall survival for head and neck melanomas ranges between 20 and 48 % (Guzzo et al, 1993, Stern and Guillamondegui, 1991, Temam et al, 2005, confirming anatomical site specific variation. Treatment modalities for primary oral melanoma include surgical resection with or without neck dissection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%