The portable chest radiograph (Fig 1) showed a large left-sided mediastinal and pulmonary mass with a moderate left pleural effusion and a cardiomediastinal shift to the right. The technetium 99m ( 99m Tc) methyl diphosphonate bone scan (Fig 2) revealed diffuse linear uptake in the anterior left first and second ribs and diffuse mild soft-tissue uptake in the surrounding left hemithorax; otherwise, there was no
HistoryA 15-year-old girl presented with a 2-month history of 30-lb (13.6 kg) weight loss, chest and abdominal pain, nausea, bilious emesis, cough, and shortness of breath. Initial blood count (performed at an outside hospital) showed elevated white blood cell and platelet counts but low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. On examination, she had adenopathy in the left axillary and supraclavicular regions, fullness in the left chest, and abdominal guarding. Ultrasonography (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the left anterior chest wall mass was nondiagnostic, and lumbar puncture and bone marrow biopsies were negative. At that time, the patient underwent several imaging studies-including chest radiography; bone scanning; contrast material-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis; and fluorine 18 ( A follow-up PET/CT scan was performed approximately 2 months later after initial therapy.scintigraphic evidence of distant metastases in the skeleton. The contrastenhanced CT images (Fig 3) showed a large heterogeneous mass involving almost the entirety of the visualized portion of the left upper lobe. This mass was further seen to extend directly into the chest wall anteriorly and laterally and into the mediastinum. There was encasement of the great vessels, and the trachea was displaced to the right. Additional lymphadenopathy was seen in the contralateral meNote: This copy is for your personal non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues or clients, contact us at www.rsna.org/rsnarights.