Primary Realization of Inductance and Capacitance Scales With a Fully Digital Bridge

Abstract

This paper describes an automated electronic fully-digital bridge for the comparison of four-terminal-pair impedance standards in the audio frequency range. The bridge relative accuracy, which is on the order of 10 −6 , makes it suitable as a reference bridge for the realization of primary scales of inductance and capacitance in metrology institutes and calibration laboratories. The performances of this bridge were validated by comparing the results of the calibrations of inductance and capacitance standards with those obtained from an existing analog reference system based on the three-voltage method. The paper also reports the results of this validation.

Virtual Training Laboratory for Primary Impedance Metrology

“…1. The key role of the VTL is to drive the reference digital impedance bridge (RDIB) [26]. Server applications provide the impedance bridge application (the client) with the ability to remotely access the required functionalities of the instruments, irrespective of the distance of the controller with impedance bridge software installed from the bridge itself.…”

“…An electronic fully-digital impedance bridge is a device that compares at a specified frequency 𝑓 an impedance ratio 𝑍 1 /𝑍 2 to a voltage phasor ratio 𝑈 1 /𝑈 2 generated by two output channels of a polyphase electronic digital signal source, while realizing the proper impedance definition by means of auxiliary output channels. The structure of the RDIB developed at INRIM was described in [25,26] and it realizes the four-terminal-pair impedance definition [28]. Principles, calculations, and uncertainty estimation of the measurement process are comprehensively described in [25,26].…”

“…The structure of the RDIB developed at INRIM was described in [25,26] and it realizes the four-terminal-pair impedance definition [28]. Principles, calculations, and uncertainty estimation of the measurement process are comprehensively described in [25,26]. Here we give only general overview of the measurement process to understand the crucial interactions between hardware and software.…”

“…These specifications and operating frequency and parameters are suitable for the realization of inductance and capacitance scales in National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) for most of the Calibration and Measurement Capabilities [31] of interest. A detailed uncertainty budget for the bridge in the realization of inductance and capacitance scales is reported in [26].…”

An Inductance-Capacitance Measurement Method Based On Auto-Balancing Bridge

“…Through inductance and capacitance measurement, the circuit design can be optimized to ensure that the stability and performance of the circuit and meet the expected requirements. In addition, inductance and capacitance measurement is also widely used in wireless communication, electric power system, sensor technology and other fields, which plays an important role in improving the working efficiency of equipment, signal transmission quality and energy utilization efficiency [5][6][7][8]. Therefore, inductance and capacitance measurement is of great significance for the development and application in the field of electronic engineering.…”