Primisulfuron-Methyl Efficacy and Fate in Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i>) and Kentucky Bluegrass

McCullough, Patrick E.; Singh, Rashmi; Czarnota, Mark A.; Johnston, Christopher R.

doi:10.1614/ws-d-14-00132.1

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Yu et al (2013) reported annual bluegrass ( Poa annua L.) had greater root absorption of 14 C‐amicarbazone than creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.) and tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Shreb.). In other experiments, annual bluegrass had similar levels of root absorption of 14 C‐primisulfuron‐methyl to Kentucky bluegrass (McCullough et al, 2015). However, annual bluegrass translocated more primisulfuron acid to shoots, than Kentucky bluegrass, due to less root metabolism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Physiological Basis for Bermudagrass Control with Ethofumesate in Seashore Paspalum and St. Augustinegrass

McCullough¹,

Yu²,

Johnston³

2016

Crop Science

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Bermudagrass is a problematic weed in seashore paspalum and St. Augustinegrass with limited options for control. Ethofumesate is the only herbicide labeled for bermudagrass control in these turfgrasses, but the physiological basis for selectivity is not well understood. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the efficacy and fate of ethofumesate in bermudagrass, seashore paspalum, and St. Augustinegrass. In the greenhouse, ethofumesate rate that reduced shoot biomass 50% from the nontreated plants was 3.8, >27, and >27 kg a.i. ha‐1 for bermudagrass, seashore paspalum, and St. Augustinegrass, respectively. In the laboratory, absorption of 14C‐ethofumesate ranked bermudagrass > seashore paspalum > St. Augustinegrass from root uptake, and bermudagrass > seashore paspalum = St. Augustinegrass from foliar uptake. St. Augustinegrass translocated ∼20% less of the total absorbed radioactivity to shoots than the other grasses after root uptake. Metabolism of 14C‐ethofumesate ranked bermudagrass > St. Augustinegrass > seashore paspalum. All grasses metabolized the herbicide to ethofumesate‐2‐keto, methanesulfonic acid, and another polar metabolite. Of all grasses, seashore paspalum produced the highest and lowest levels of ethofumeaste‐2‐keto and methanesulfonic acid, respectively. Radioactivity recovery linearly decreased by 81 to 35% of the applied 14C, from 1 to 7 days after treatment, suggesting volatilization is a major contributor to ethofumesate losses. The susceptibility of bermudagrass to ethofumesate results from greater absorption than seashore paspalum and St. Augustinegrass. The intermediate tolerance of seashore paspalum to ethofumesate results from root absorption rather than foliar uptake. Metabolism rate does not appear to be correlated with tolerance levels of these species to ethofumesate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Physiological Basis for Bermudagrass Control with Ethofumesate in Seashore Paspalum and St. Augustinegrass

McCullough¹,

Yu²,

Johnston³

2016

Crop Science

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“…S. J. Darbyshire] (Yu et al 2013). In other experiments, annual bluegrass had similar root absorption of 14 C-primisulfuron-methyl to Kentucky bluegrass, but the transport of primisulfuron acid to shoots was greater in annual bluegrass due to slower metabolism (McCullough et al 2015). Soil uptake might be critical for mesotrione selectivity on annual bluegrass seedlings during Kentucky bluegrass establishment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In previous research, the majority of radioactivity was also recovered in the treated leaf of grain sorghum hybrids after 7 d (Abit and Al-Khatib 2009). Annual and Kentucky bluegrass have exhibited similar translocation of 14 C-primisulfuron-methyl, despite the differential tolerance levels to applications (McCullough et al 2015). Researchers have also noted greater translocation of radioactivity from 14 C-amicarbazone and 14 Cbispyribac-sodium in annual bluegrass compared to creeping bentgrass (Lycan and Hart 2006;Yu et al 2013).…”

Section: Absorption Translocationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Fall applications can excessively injure Kentucky bluegrass and the herbicide is not recommended during establishment (McCullough et al 2010). Primisulfuronmethyl is an acetolactate synthase inhibitor that effectively controls annual bluegrass in Kentucky bluegrass (Hart and McCullough 2007a;McCullough et al 2015) and the herbicide has a 24(c) label in several states with limited annual use rates of no more than 40 g ai ha À1 (Anonymous 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Growth Stage Influences Mesotrione Efficacy and Fate in Two Bluegrass (Poa) Species

McCullough

2016

Weed technol.

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Mesotrione provides PRE and early POST control of annual bluegrass during Kentucky bluegrass establishment from seed, but applications do not effectively control multitiller plants. The physiological effects of growth stage on efficacy and the basis of mesotrione selectivity between species is not well understood. The objectives of this research were to evaluate mesotrione behavior in these species at three growth stages: pretiller (3 to 5 leaves), 1-tiller, and multitiller (5 to 7 tillers). In greenhouse experiments, a single mesotrione application at 280 g ai ha−1injured pretiller, 1-tiller, and multitiller annual bluegrass 54, 33, and 11% at 4 wk after initial treatment (WAIT), respectively. A sequential application of mesotrione increased injury to pretiller and 1-tiller annual bluegrass by 20 and 17% from a single treatment, respectively. Sequential mesotrione applications caused at least 14% injury to multitiller annual bluegrass and Kentucky bluegrass at all growth stages and did not reduce tillering compared to the nontreated. Annual bluegrass absorbed 34% more root-applied14C-mesotrione than Kentucky bluegrass in hydroponic culture, but relative differences (Bq g−1) among growth stages were not detected for both species. Averaged across growth stages, annual and Kentucky bluegrass absorbed 31 and 35% of the applied radioactivity after foliar treatments, respectively. However, averaged across species, multitiller plants metabolized approximately two times more14C-mesotrione than pretiller and 1-tiller plants. Overall, the selectivity of mesotrione for annual bluegrass control during Kentucky bluegrass establishment results from differential levels of root absorption. Mesotrione has limited efficacy for controlling multitiller annual bluegrass due to enhanced degradation compared to pretiller and 1-tiller plants.

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Eucalyptus urograndis and Pinus taeda enhance removal of chlorobenzene and benzene in sand culture: A greenhouse study

Barcellos

Morris

Nzengung

et al. 2016

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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Contamination of soils and groundwater by chlorobenzene and benzene is a common problem at industrial sites worldwide. Since chemical remediation techniques are rarely completely effective, remnants of these contaminants often persist at levels that can still influence ecosystem health. We evaluated the potential of Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus urograndis to accelerate the removal of these compounds from sand/water systems using a completely randomized block greenhouse experiment with a no-plant control. At 2-day intervals, we added a solution containing both chlorobenzene and benzene with the same concentration of 50 mg L(-1) (25 mg pot(-1)), and we monitored leachate concentrations daily. The planted treatments showed greater decrease of contaminants over time. In the absence of plants, the contaminant mass decreased 50-60% during each 2-day cycle; whereas, in the planted treatments the contaminant mass decreased 91-98%. At the end of the experiment the plant roots, leaves, and the sand-substrate each contained less than 1 mg kg(-1) of contaminants, which is ∼1% of the total contaminant mass added. In addition, we observed no tree mortality even at concentrations exceeding the aqueous solubility limit of both compounds. Our results suggest both trees are good candidates for remediating chlorobenzene and benzene in soils and groundwater.

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Primisulfuron-Methyl Efficacy and Fate in Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) and Kentucky Bluegrass

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Physiological Basis for Bermudagrass Control with Ethofumesate in Seashore Paspalum and St. Augustinegrass

Physiological Basis for Bermudagrass Control with Ethofumesate in Seashore Paspalum and St. Augustinegrass

Growth Stage Influences Mesotrione Efficacy and Fate in Two Bluegrass (Poa) Species

Eucalyptus urograndis and Pinus taeda enhance removal of chlorobenzene and benzene in sand culture: A greenhouse study

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