Primordial germ cells of Xenopus embryos: The role of fibronectin in their adhesion during migration

Heasman, Janet; Hynes, Richard O.; Swan, Alma; Thomas, V.; Wylie, Christopher

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(81)90385-8

Cited by 142 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…(12) has shown that the tadpole dorsal mesentery as the last section of migratory pathway of the PGCS is rich in "FN", suggesting that "FN" plays an important role in the PGC-migration. Also in the chick, the distribution of "FN" in the presumptive dorsal mesentery where intravascular PGCs leave the blood vessels may relate to the passage of PGCs into the tissue or to the migration of PGCs after they come into the tissue (dorsal mesentery).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Evidence that Chick Primordial Germ Cells Leave the Blood‐Vascular System Prior to Migrating to the Gonadal Anlagen

Ando

Fujimoto

1983

Dev Growth Differ

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It is known that chick primordial germ cells (PGCs), after separation from the endoderm in early embryonic development, temporarily circulate via the blood-vascular system and eventually migrate to the gonadal anlagen. However, direct evidence that circulating PGCs leave the blood vessels is lacking. The pdrpose of present study is to describe the ultrastructural features of PGCs as they emerge from the blood vessels. PGCs leaving the blood vessels were first examined with semi-thin sections stained with toluidine blue. Then, some of the sections were re-embedded in Epon 812, and sectioned for electron microscopy. PGCs were observed emerging from the capillaries in the region posterior to the omphalomesenteric arteries of the embryo, between the splanchnic mesoderm and open-gut endoderm, at stages 15-1 8 (about 2.5 days of incubation). Ultrastructurally, PGCs exhibited the protruding, bulge-like cytoplasmic processes through the endothelial gaps in the capillary walls. Prior to emerging, intravascular PGCs seemed to stick to the endothelium of the blood vessels. Thus, our results offer ultrastructural evidence that the circulating PGCs exit the blood vessels prior to migrating to the gonadal anlagen.It is now generally accepted that primordial germ cells (PGCs) in amniotes first appear in the endoderm of the yolk sac in early stages of embryonic development and subsequently migrate to the gonadal anlagen during embryogenesis. In birds, PGCs having separated from the endoderm circulate temporarily via the blood-vascular system prior to migrating to the gonadal primordium (1-4). However, it is unknown where and how the circulating PGCs leave the blood stream to enter the gonadal region. Direct evidence for the emergence of PGCs from the blood vessels has not been demonstrated, although a few investigators suggested that the PGCs left the dorsal aortae or the capillaries in the area posterior to the omphalomesenteric arteries of the embryo (3, 5-7).The present study describes the ultrastructural features of PGCs emerging from the blood vessels prior to their migration to the gonadal anlagen and provides the first morphological evidence that PGCs leave the circulation. MATERIALS AND METHODSWhite Leghorn chick embryos at 2 4 days of incubation (stages 15-24 of HAMBURGER and HAMILTON (8)) were processed in the following ways.(1) For the change of PGC-distribution in the blastoderm, whole mounts stained with the periodic-acid Schiff (PAS) technique by UKESHIMA and FUJIMOTO (9) were prepared. 345

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Evidence that Chick Primordial Germ Cells Leave the Blood‐Vascular System Prior to Migrating to the Gonadal Anlagen

Ando

Fujimoto

1983

Dev Growth Differ

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“…Fibronectin is a a glycoprotein which is associated with the cell surface or related to the extracellular matrix, where it plays a significant role in cell adhesion and movement. PGCs, as well as other mesenchymal cell types, also utilize fibronectin as a preferred substratum for migration (HYNES, 1981;HEASMAN et al, 1981;BOUCAUT and DARRIBERE, 1983). The work by MAYER et al (1981), who studied chick embryogenesis by immunocytochemistry, described the presence of fibronectin on the surface of moving cells, and also at the extracellular matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unique Fibrillar Coat on the Surface of Migrating Human Primordial Germ Cells.

Pereda

Motta

1991

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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“…In situ, the pathways followed by migrating neural crest cells contain generous quantities of fibronectin (95,155,169). A variety of motile cells that adhere to and migrate over fibronectin substrata (neural crest: (169,170)), primordial germ cells: (171), myoblasts: (172), neurites: (173,174)) do not themselves deposit fibronectin in the extracellular matrix. It has been suggested that this facilitates the responsiveness of these cells to preestablished fibronectin-rich pathways because the cells do not become entrapped in fibronectin deposits of their own making (42, 168,172).…”

Section: The Interstitial Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples include the migration of primordial germ cells over the basal lamina of the coelomic mesothelium (64) and the migration of lateral mesoderm in the gastrulating chick embryo (191). Fibronectin has been found at the surface of the basal lamina encountered by the migrating cells (171,175,192) and, based on its role in cell-substratum adhesion in vitro (166,167), it is reasonable to suggest that it mediates adhesion of migrating embryonic cells as well.…”

Section: The Basal Laminamentioning

confidence: 99%

The control of cell motility during embryogenesis

Armstrong

1985

Cancer Metast Rev

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Morphogenesis is the establishment during development of the complex organization of tissues and organs that characterizes the adult. In multicellular animals, one of the most important processes is morphogenetic movement, the translocation of individual cells or whole tissue rudiments from one site in the body to another. Active cellular locomotion is important in many situations of morphogenetic movement. Characteristically, cell migration in the embryo displays impressive precision: cells at defined sites in the embryo begin migration at particular stages of development, traverse precisely-characterized pathways during migration, and localize finally at particular sites in the body, in specific association with other tissues. One of the most challenging problems of experimental biology is the definition of the mechanisms that regulate the active migration of embryonic cells and tissues. Recent years have seen gratifying progress in this direction, with the definition and characterization of a number of processes of potential importance. This review describes selected instances of morphogenetic movement and contains a discussion of our current understanding of the problem of regulation of cell motility in the embryo.

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Primordial germ cells of Xenopus embryos: The role of fibronectin in their adhesion during migration

Cited by 142 publications

References 19 publications

Ultrastructural Evidence that Chick Primordial Germ Cells Leave the Blood‐Vascular System Prior to Migrating to the Gonadal Anlagen

Ultrastructural Evidence that Chick Primordial Germ Cells Leave the Blood‐Vascular System Prior to Migrating to the Gonadal Anlagen

A Unique Fibrillar Coat on the Surface of Migrating Human Primordial Germ Cells.

The control of cell motility during embryogenesis

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