Principal component analysis reveals gender-specific predictors of cardiometabolic risk in 6th graders

Peterson, Mark D.; Li, Dongmei; IglayReger, Heidi B.; Saltarelli, William; Visich, Paul S.; Gordon, Paul M.

doi:10.1186/1475-2840-11-146

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…16 PCA can be effectively used in pediatric cohorts to aid the interpretation of statistical component clustering, 17 as well as for identifying behavioral predictors of risk. Although previous studies have incorporated similar continuous scores to improve robustness of cardiometabolic risk assessment in pediatric research, 18 the PCA method also calculates the respective "weight" (ie, the loading coefficient) of each component on absolute cardiometabolic risk.…”

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confidence: 99%

Strength Capacity and Cardiometabolic Risk Clustering in Adolescents

et al. 2014

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Resistance exercise is known to have a robust effect on glycemic control and cardiometabolic health among children and adolescents, even in the absence of weight loss. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Normalized strength capacity is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk clustering in boys and girls, even after adjustment for cardiorespiratory fitness, level of physical activity, and BMI. abstract OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the genderspecific independent association between muscular strength and cardiometabolic risk clustering in a large cohort (n = 1421) of children.METHODS: Principal component analysis was used to determine the pattern of risk clustering and to derive a continuous aggregate score (MetScore) from various cardiometabolic risk components: percent body fat (%BF), fasting glucose, blood pressure, plasma triglycerides levels, and HDL-cholesterol. Gender-stratified risk and MetScore were assessed by using general linear models and logistic regression for differences between strength tertiles, as well as independent associations with age, BMI, estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical activity, and muscular strength (normalized for body mass). RESULTS:In both boys (n = 670) and girls (n = 751), there were significant differences in cardiometabolic profiles across strength tertiles, such that stronger adolescents had lower overall risk. Age, BMI, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity participation, and strength were all individually correlated with multiple risk components, as well as the overall MetScore. However, in the adjusted model, only BMI (b = 0.30), physical inactivity (b = 0.30), and normalized strength capacity (b = -1.5) emerged as significant (P , .05) predictors of MetScore. %BF was the strongest loading coefficient within the principal component analysis-derived MetScore outcome. CONCLUSIONS:Normalized strength is independently associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in boys and girls. Moreover, %BF was associated with all cardiometabolic risk factors and carried the strongest loading coefficient. These findings bolster the importance of early strength acquisition and healthy body composition in childhood.

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confidence: 99%

Strength Capacity and Cardiometabolic Risk Clustering in Adolescents

et al. 2014

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“…No guidelines are given regarding passive smoking, although this may be relevant for children, since childhood exposure to tobacco smoke leads to endothelial dysfunction in both children [101] and young adults [102]. Although we did not find evidence for a synergistic effect of smoking and childhood obesity on endothelial dysfunction, maternal smoking has been shown to correlate with several obesityrelated risk factors in young children [103]. Gender matters in childhood since it influences endothelial function, with FMD being lower in boys [104].…”

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confidence: 59%

National Trends in Beverage Consumption in Children from Birth to 5 Years: Analysis of NHANES Across Three Decades

2013

Childhood Obesity

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The association of obesity with noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular complications and diabetes, is considered a major threat to the management of health care worldwide. Epidemiological findings show that childhood obesity is rapidly rising in Western society, as well as in developing countries. This pandemic is not without consequences and can affect the risk of future cardiovascular disease in these children. Childhood obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction, the first yet still reversible step towards atherosclerosis. Advanced research techniques have added further insight on how childhood obesity and associated comorbidities lead to endothelial dysfunction. Techniques used to measure endothelial function were further brought to perfection, and novel biomarkers, including endothelial progenitor cells, were discovered. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical overview on both in vivo as well as in vitro markers for endothelial integrity. Additionally, an in-depth description of the mechanisms that disrupt the delicate balance between endothelial damage and repair will be given. Finally, the effects of lifestyle interventions and pharmacotherapy on endothelial dysfunction will be reviewed.

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“…Exercise capacity and HRR were detected to be significantly impaired in young adult males with MS, by Deniz et al [21]. It was indicated in the literature that exercise training induced favorable changes in HRR in obese men with MS [22], while reduced exercise capacity was related to cardiometabolic risk factors even in young populations [23]. Furthermore, it was shown that there was a relationship between MS and cardiac autonomic dysfunction, as detected by HR turbulence in non-diabetic patients [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between coronary flow rate and impaired heart rate recovery in patients with metabolic syndrome: A preliminary report

et al. 2014

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Background:The aim of this study is to evaluate heart rate recovery (HRR) (HRR first: 32 ± 9 vs. 37 ± 10; p = 0.01, second: 46 ± 11 vs. 52 ± 11; p = 0.03, third: 51 ± 12 vs. 59 ± 12; p = 0.00, fourth: 54 ± 13 vs. 61 ± 2; p = 0.02). TIMI frame counts for each major epicardial coronary artery and mean TIMI frame count were also found to be significantly higher in MS group compared to controls (left anterior descending artery: 51 ± 24 vs. 39 ± 15; p = 0.009, left circumflex artery: 32 ± 11 vs. 24 ± 7; p = 0.001, right coronary artery: 33 ± 14 vs. 24 ± 10; p = 0.003, mean TIMI frame count: 38 ± 15 vs. 29 ± 9; p = 0.002

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Principal component analysis reveals gender-specific predictors of cardiometabolic risk in 6th graders

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Strength Capacity and Cardiometabolic Risk Clustering in Adolescents

Strength Capacity and Cardiometabolic Risk Clustering in Adolescents

National Trends in Beverage Consumption in Children from Birth to 5 Years: Analysis of NHANES Across Three Decades

The association between coronary flow rate and impaired heart rate recovery in patients with metabolic syndrome: A preliminary report

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