Principles of biosensing with an extended coupling matrix and surface plasmon resonance

Liedberg, Bo; Lundström, Ingemar; Stenberg, Esa

doi:10.1016/0925-4005(93)85239-7

Cited by 490 publications

(341 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This response is then averaged over the scanning range, which is a subinterval [x min , x max ] of the channel length. Due to the nature of the instrument, the signal decays with distance away from the surface y = −1 (Liedberg et al, 1993;Schuck, 1996). Thus the dimensionless signalB d is given byB…”

Section: Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Receptor Layer on the Measurement of Rate Constants

Edwards

2001

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

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Many cellular reactions involve a reactant in solution binding to or dissociating from a reactant attached to a surface. Most studies assume that the reactions occur on this surface, when in actuality the receptors usually lie in a thin layer on top of it. The effect of this layer is considered, particularly as it relates to the BIAcore TM measurement device, though the results are applicable to biological systems. A dimensionless parameter measuring the strength of the effect of the receptor layer is found. Asymptotic and singular perturbation techniques are used to analyse association and dissociation kinetics, though the effect of the receptor layer need not be small. Linear and nonlinear integral equations result from the analysis; explicit and asymptotic solutions are constructed for physically realizable cases. In addition, effective rate constants are derived that illustrate the combined effects of transport and the receptor layer on the measured rate constants. All these expressions provide a direct way to estimate rate constants from BIAcore TM binding data.

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Section: Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Receptor Layer on the Measurement of Rate Constants

Edwards

2001

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

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“…We are not assigning molecular significance to the recovered parameters. The contribution of each component to the steady-state intensity is given by (2) The mean decay time is given by (3) The amplitude-weighted lifetime is given by (4) THEORY SPCE is closely related to SPR. The angular distribution of the radiated light in the prism is determined by the same wavevector matching conditions as for SPR.…”

Section: Fluorescence Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Surface plasmons are oscillating electrical charges on a metallic surface. When a thin metal film is illuminated through a glass prism, and the angle of incidence is appropriate, the surface plasmons in resonance with the incident light occur at the metal-air or water interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission Using Thin Aluminum Films

et al. 2004

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Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) is the directional radiation of light into a substrate due to excited fluorophores above a thin metal film. To date, SPCE has only been observed with visible wavelengths using silver or gold films. We now show that SPCE can be observed in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum using thin (20 nm) aluminum films. We observed directional emission in a quartz substrate from the DNA base analogue 2-aminopurine (2-AP). The SPCE radiation occurs within a narrow angle at 59° from the normal to the hemicylindrical prism. The excitation conditions precluded the creation of surface plasmons by the incident light. The directional emission at 59° is almost completely p-polarized, consistent with its origin from surface plasmons due to coupling of excited 2-AP with the aluminum. The emission spectra and lifetimes of the SPCE are those characteristic of 2-AP. Different emission wavelengths radiate at slightly different angles on the prism providing intrinsic spectral resolution from the aluminum film. These results indicate that SPCE can be used with numerous UV-absorbing fluorophores, suggesting biochemical applications with simultaneous surface plasmon resonance and SPCE binding assays.Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is widely used for detection of bioaffinity reactions on surfaces. [1][2][3] Surface plasmons are oscillating electrical charges on a metallic surface. When a thin metal film is illuminated through a glass prism, and the angle of incidence is appropriate, the surface plasmons in resonance with the incident light occur at the metal-air or water interface. This results in strong absorption, which is measured as a decrease of reflectivity. The SPR angle is sensitive to the refractive index of the sample above the metal, distal from the glass prism. The origin of this sensitivity is the evanescent field from the plasmons, which penetrates approximately λ/3 into the sample.In several recent reports we described a related phenomenon, surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE). 4,5 We found that excited fluorophores near a thin metal surface can couple with the surface plasmons, resulting in directional radiation into the glass substrate. The spectral properties of the radiation were found to be essentially identical to those of the fluorophore, except for a highly p-polarized emission, too large to be due to optical photoselection. The angular dependence of the radiation, as well as the p-polarization, are consistent with radiating surface plasmons, the reverse process of surface plasmon absorption.Our previous studies of SPCE used thin silver 5-7 or gold 8 surfaces. This choice of metals restricts the selection of fluorophores to those absorbing and emitting at visible or longer wavelengths. However, many widely used fluorophores absorb or emit at ultraviolet wavelengths. We now report that SPCE at UV wavelengths can be observed using thin *To whom correspondence should be addressed: lakowicz@cfs.umbi.umd.edu. NIH Public Access MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample PreparationQuar...

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“…The coded particles can be functionalized for the attachment of biomolecules using techniques developed previously [19]. It is highly unlikely that the attachment of biomolecules will affect the images reconstructed from the particles because of the small typical thickness of any biomolecular layer (around 5nm) and small effective refractive index difference in the layer, compared with the bulk medium surrounding the particle (typically n ≈ 0.05) [32]. Further work will concentrate on improving the SNR of the holograms on particles and fabricating smaller encoded particles with larger encoding capacities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographically encoded microparticles for bead-based assays

Birtwell

Banu

Zheludev

et al. 2009

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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We demonstrate a re-writable, high capacity holographic encoding technique for multiplexed bead-based suspension assays. The microparticles are made from SU8 doped with a photochromic diarylethene dye and manufactured using multilayer photolithography and dry etching. Each particle is encoded with a unique hologram, whose diffraction pattern consists of bright and dark regions, representing a binary number that identifies the particle. Theoretically up to 10 24 unique codes are available on a 100 µm particle using this method, when the code is read with a standard 2/3 CMOS camera. Encoding capacities of 512 unique codes have been demonstrated on a 500 µm SU8 particle. The code is thermally stable for 3 days at 25 • C, and once written, the code can be erased and re-written once whilst still remaining readable. The code can be written into the particle during an assay experiment (no pre-encoding is required) and requires simple optics for reading.

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Principles of biosensing with an extended coupling matrix and surface plasmon resonance

Cited by 490 publications

References 25 publications

The Effect of a Receptor Layer on the Measurement of Rate Constants

The Effect of a Receptor Layer on the Measurement of Rate Constants

Ultraviolet Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission Using Thin Aluminum Films

Holographically encoded microparticles for bead-based assays

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