Principles of cephalofacial development revealed by experimental biology

Baume, Louis J.

doi:10.1016/0002-9416(61)90159-2

Cited by 85 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, as the nasal septum increases in length, tension is placed on the premaxilla via the septo-premaxillary ligament (Latham, 1970;Gange and Johnston, 1974;Siegel, 1986, 1991;Siegel et al, 1990). This dynamic results from the nasal septal cartilage acting as a growth plate, which develops through a combination of interstitial cellular division, chondrocyte hypertrophy, and endochondral ossification along its caudal border (Scott, 1953;Baume, 1961;Catala and Johnston, 1980;Copray, 1986;Wealthall and Herring, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Septal and Premaxillary Developmental Integration: Implications for Facial Reduction in Homo

Holton

Franciscus

Marshall

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of the chondrocranium in craniofacial development and its role in the reduction of facial size and projection in the genus Homo is incompletely understood. As one component of the chondrocranium, the nasal septum has been argued to play a significant role in human midfacial growth, particularly with respect to its interaction with the premaxilla during prenatal and early postnatal development. Thus, understanding the precise role of nasal septal growth on the facial skeleton is potentially informative with respect to the evolutionary change in craniofacial form. In this study, we assessed the integrative effects of the nasal septum and premaxilla by experimentally reducing facial length in Sus scrofa via circummaxillary suture fixation. Following from the nasal septal-traction model, we tested the following hypotheses: (1) facial growth restriction produces no change in nasal septum length; and (2) restriction of facial length produces compensatory premaxillary growth due to continued nasal septal growth. With respect to hypothesis 1, we found no significant differences in septum length (using the vomer as a proxy) in our experimental (n ¼ 10), control (n ¼ 9) and surgical sham (n ¼ 9) trial groups. With respect to hypothesis 2, the experimental group exhibited a significant increase in premaxilla length. Our hypotheses were further supported by multivariate geometric morphometric analysis and support an integrative relationship between the nasal septum and premaxilla. Thus, continued assessment of the growth and integration of the nasal septum and premaxilla is potentially informative regarding the complex developmental mechanisms that underlie facial reduction in genus Homo evolution. Anat Rec, 294:68-78, 2011. V V C 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Septal and Premaxillary Developmental Integration: Implications for Facial Reduction in Homo

Holton

Franciscus

Marshall

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The capacity of cartilage to grow and to be an active growth center is characterized by its independent intrinsic growth potential in a nonfunctional environment. Besides this, another important term for a growth center is the capacity of the cartilage to separate neighboring tissue through its growth, so-called tissue-separating capacity [Baume, 1961;Peltomäki et al, 1997]. It has been shown in in vitro studies ] that secondary condylar cartilage has intrinsic growth potential but less than that of primary costal cartilage, which has a high tissue-separating capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Amounts and Properties of Collagen and Proteoglycans in Condylar, Costal and Nasal Cartilages

Pietilä¹,

Kantomaa²,

Pirttiniemi³

et al. 1999

Cells Tissues Organs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study we compared the compositions of extracellular matrices of condylar, costal and nasal cartilages to characterize differences in growth patterns in relation to matrix composition. Condylar, costal and nasal cartilages of 25- and 35-day-old rabbits were extracted and subjected to bio- and histochemical analysis to determine total amounts of collagen and amounts and aggregating properties of proteoglycans. We found that proteoglycan content and aggregate formation were greatest in nasal cartilage, and lower in costal and markedly lower in condylar cartilage. The amount of proteoglycans increased by varying amounts in all samples with age. Collagen content was highest in costal cartilage. In 25-day-old rabbits the quantity of collagen in condylar cartilage exceeded that in nasal cartilage. In 35-day-old rabbits the quantities were nearly the same. It is suggested that collagen does not only provide tensile strength, but counteracts forces responsible for interstitial growth such as osmotic pressure. Based on the results, it seems that the amount of proteoglycans is greater in cartilages, which have greater independent growth potential. Variations in increase in amount of proteoglycans with age could reflect differences in the timing of growth of such cartilages.

show abstract

“…The cranial base growth plate (CBGP), or the sphenooccipital synchondrosis, is the only growth plate in the craniofacial skeleton that remains functionally viable postnatally up to the adolescent age and prior to the completion of craniofacial growth (Baume, 1961;Ingervall and Thilander, 1972). Morphologically, the CBGP consists of two growth plates with their reserve zones merged in the center, therefore enabling endochondral ossification in opposite directions, leading to continuous formation of the sphenoid and occipital bones (Baume, 1954).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of neonatal growth plate development by ex vivo intermittent mechanical stress

Othman

Thonar

Mao

2007

Journal of Biomechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although growth plate response to mechanical stress has been increasingly studied, our understanding of mechanical modulation of neonatal growth plate is incomplete, especially concerning biochemical changes. This study was designed to explore the cellular and biochemical responses of the cranial base growth plate (CBGP) explant upon cyclic loading. The growth plate with subchondral bone was aseptically isolated from each of 24 neonatal rabbits and fixated in an organ culture system. Cyclic loading was applied to growth plate explants at 200 mN and 1 Hz for 60 min (N = 12), whereas control explants were immersed in organ culture for 60 min without mechanical loading (N = 12). Computerized image analysis revealed that cyclic loading induced significantly more proliferating chondrocytes than unloaded controls (p<0.001), as well as significantly higher growth plate height at 856 ± 30 μm than the unloaded controls at 830 ± 36 μm (p<0.05). Immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) disclosed that the average mAb binding area for chondroitin sulfate was significantly higher in the loaded specimens than the unloaded controls at (p<0.001). The average mAb binding area for keratan sulfate was also significantly higher in the loaded specimens than the unloaded controls (p<0.01). Biochemical analysis showed that the average total hyaluronan content of loaded specimens at 0.25 ± 0.06 μg/μg DNA was significantly higher than the unloaded controls at 0.09 ± 0.05 μg/μg DNA (p<0.01). Taken together, these data suggest that brief doses of cyclic, intermittent forces activate cellular and molecular responses in the CBGP ex vivo. Whether hyaluronan-mediated pathway is involved in the biological responses of growth plate to mechanical loading warrants additional investigations.

show abstract

Principles of cephalofacial development revealed by experimental biology

Cited by 85 publications

References 15 publications

Nasal Septal and Premaxillary Developmental Integration: Implications for Facial Reduction in Homo

Nasal Septal and Premaxillary Developmental Integration: Implications for Facial Reduction in Homo

Comparison of Amounts and Properties of Collagen and Proteoglycans in Condylar, Costal and Nasal Cartilages

Modulation of neonatal growth plate development by ex vivo intermittent mechanical stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About