Printed Chipless Antenna as Flexible Temperature Sensor

Bhattacharjee, Mitradip; Nikbakhtnasrabadi, Fatemeh; Dahiya, Ravinder

doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3051467

Cited by 87 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…5) Body temperature sensing can reveal the comfort levels of the drivers and passengers and can help regulate the internal temperature of the car as per the personal preference of the driver and passengers. A wide variety of wearable systems have been reported for measurement of body temperatures [112][113][114] and some of the advanced solutions can wirelessly transmit the data to smartphone or to electronic units in the vehicle.…”

Section: Physiological Sensing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent In‐Vehicle Interaction Technologies

Murali

Kaboli

Dahiya

2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Autonomous vehicles (AVs) will soon become a reality with almost every major automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) such as Tesla, BMW, Daimler, and big technology giants such as Google's Waymo and Apple Car pushing toward the full self-driving objective. According to the SAE J3016 taxonomy [1] of autonomous driving, there are six levels of automated driving systems ranging from level 0 (completely manual) to level 5 (full selfdriving [FSD]) automated systems that are expected to function in all geographic locations, all weather conditions, and under all conditions. The proposed benefits of intelligent vehicles include fewer road accidents, enhanced safety, reduced traffic congestion, effective commute time usage, and importantly enjoyable and comfortable ride. With increased autonomy, the drivers also assume the role of mere passengers who are engaged in nondriving activities and are unavailable to participate in traffic interactions. This would increase complexity in a mixed-autonomy traffic environment as interactions with pedestrians and cyclists are based on visual cues with the driver. Therefore, intelligent vehicles also need to autonomously interact with other traffic participants such as pedestrians and cyclists and other vehicles.Human-vehicle interaction (HVI) is closely related to the field of human-robot interaction (HRI). It entails the problem of understanding and shaping the interaction dynamics between humans and vehicles. Particularly, the domain of interaction involves the study of sensation, perception, information exchange, inference, and decision-making. [2] With increasing levels of automation, the driver will have more time and choice to perform various tasks other than driving and this opens new avenues for interaction. As a result, a growing number of sensors are being incorporated into the vehicles to understand the driver's and/or passenger's actions, emotions, and personal choices to offer the precise functionalities and services for an enjoyable ride. [3] Figure 1 shows the schematic of in-vehicle interaction consisting of various interactive interfaces and sensing modalities present in the vehicle as well as some modes of interaction such as gestures, speech, and eye gaze.The advances in HVI have been presented in previous review articles, which have mainly focused on the detection of particular characteristics for driving assistance such as driver attention detection, [4] emotion recognition, [5] drowsiness detection, [6] mental workload, [7] and so on. A few other articles have reviewed the interior designs of AVs to better support and interact with drivers and passengers. [8,9] Likewise, the user interfaces (UIs) and user experience (UX) of vehicle interiors have been studied in context with manual as well as automated driving. [10] A number of previous works have also studied the interaction with the external

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Section: Physiological Sensing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent In‐Vehicle Interaction Technologies

Murali

Kaboli

Dahiya

2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

Self Cite

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“…The e-skin capable of detecting various stimuli such as temperature, pressure, strain, force and sheer are necessary for robotics to mimic the functionality of human skin for effective interaction with humans and their surroundings [325]. Human skin has numerous receptors such as mechanoreceptors to feel the pressure, thermoreceptors to detect the temperature and nociceptors to detect pain.…”

Section: Stretchable Functional Devices For Soft Roboticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Systems

Kumaresan

Yogeswaran

Occhipinti

et al. 2021

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Stretchable electronics is one of the transformative pillars of future flexible electronics. As a result, the research on new passive and active materials, novel designs, and engineering approaches has attracted significant interest. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of new approaches that enable the integration of high-performance materials, including, organic and inorganic compounds, carbon-based and layered materials, and composites to serve as conductors, semiconductors or insulators, with the ability to accommodate electronics on stretchable substrates. This Element presents a discussion about the strategies that have been developed for obtaining stretchable systems, with a focus on various stretchable geometries to achieve strain invariant electrical response, and summarises the recent advances in terms of material research, various integration techniques of high-performance electronics. In addition, some of the applications, challenges and opportunities associated with the development of stretchable electronics are discussed.

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“…The surge in the use of wearable technologies and the simultaneous global drive toward zero waste, sustainable information and communications technologies, and electrical waste recycling, require that future energy needs be met with sustainable materials. [ 73–75 ] In the case of wearables, there are additional requirements of biocompatibility, and novel form factors that allow wearability (e.g., stretchability, flexibility, washability). Many of the current energy devices use toxic materials and electrolytes, which require attention as the safety of individuals wearing these devices is paramount.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Autonomous Sweat‐Based Wearable Systems

et al. 2021

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The continuous operation of wearable electronics demands reliable sources of energy, currently met through Li‐ion batteries and various energy harvesters. These solutions are being used out of necessity despite potential safety issues and unsustainable environmental impact. Safe and sustainable energy sources can boost the use of wearables systems in diverse applications such as health monitoring, prosthetics, and sports. In this regard, sweat‐ and sweat‐equivalent‐based studies have attracted tremendous attention through the demonstration of energy‐generating biofuel cells, promising power densities as high as 3.5 mW cm−2, storage using sweat‐electrolyte‐based supercapacitors with energy and power densities of 1.36 Wh kg−1 and 329.70 W kg−1, respectively, and sweat‐activated batteries with an impressive energy density of 67 Ah kg−1. A combination of these energy generating, and storage devices can lead to fully energy‐autonomous wearables capable of providing sustainable power in the µW to mW range, which is sufficient to operate both sensing and communication devices. Here, a comprehensive review covering these advances, addressing future challenges and potential solutions related to fully energy‐autonomous wearables is presented, with emphasis on sweat‐based energy storage and energy generation elements along with sweat‐based sensors as applications.

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Printed Chipless Antenna as Flexible Temperature Sensor

Cited by 87 publications

References 54 publications

Intelligent In‐Vehicle Interaction Technologies

Intelligent In‐Vehicle Interaction Technologies

Stretchable Systems

Energy Autonomous Sweat‐Based Wearable Systems

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