Printing spatially-varying reflectance

Matusik, Wojciech; Ajdin, Boris; Gu, Jun; Lawrence, Jason; Lensch, Hendrik P. A.; Pellacini, Fabio; Rusinkiewicz, Szymon

doi:10.1145/1618452.1618474

Cited by 66 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Other methods have been proposed for fabricating materials with desired appearance properties, such as surface reflectance [Weyrich et al 2009;Matusik et al 2009;Lan et al 2013], subsurface scattering [Dong et al 2010;Hašan et al 2010], and reflectance functions [Malzbender et al 2012]. These methods fabricate the desired appearance by designing heterogeneous material distributions, and thus are often limited to a certain type of material.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational hydrographic printing

et al. 2015

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Hydrographic printing is a well-known technique in industry for transferring color inks on a thin film to the surface of a manufactured 3D object. It enables high-quality coloring of object surfaces and works with a wide range of materials, but suffers from the inability to accurately register color texture to complex surface geometries. Thus, it is hardly usable by ordinary users with customized shapes and textures.We present computational hydrographic printing, a new method that inherits the versatility of traditional hydrographic printing, while also enabling precise alignment of surface textures to possibly complex 3D surfaces. In particular, we propose the first computational model for simulating hydrographic printing process. This simulation enables us to compute a color image to feed into our hydrographic system for precise texture registration. We then build a physical hydrographic system upon off-the-shelf hardware, integrating virtual simulation, object calibration and controlled immersion. To overcome the difficulty of handling complex surfaces, we further extend our method to enable multiple immersions, each with a different object orientation, so the combined colors of individual immersions form a desired texture on the object surface. We validate the accuracy of our computational model through physical experiments, and demonstrate the efficacy and robustness of our system using a variety of objects with complex surface textures.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational hydrographic printing

et al. 2015

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“…In fabricating spatially-varying gloss, several approaches have been demonstrated; Combining inks with various reflectance properties [49], combining a mono-color 3D printed micro texture with a reflective layer and a (2D) color print [48]; changing the printer parameters to influence the micro-structure of printed surfaces and thereby the gloss [6]; or half-toning a transparent ink on top of a color print [5,27,61]. The latter approach is the most viable approach in terms of practical applicability (limited number of inks needed), flexibility (can be manipulated independent of sub-layers) and accuracy (in terms of registration), and is therefore also applied in this paper.…”

Section: D Gloss Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gloss, Color, and Topography Scanning for Reproducing a Painting’s Appearance Using 3D Printing

Elkhuizen

Essers

Song

et al. 2019

J. Comput. Cult. Herit.

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High fidelity reproductions of paintings provide new opportunities to museums in preserving and providing access to cultural heritage. This paper presents an integrated system which is able to capture and fabricate color, topography and gloss of a painting, of which gloss capturing forms the most important contribution. A 3D imaging system, utilizing stereo imaging combined with fringe projection, is extended to capture spatially-varying gloss, based on the effect of specular reflectance polarization. The gloss is measured by sampling the specular reflection around Brewster's angle, where these reflections are effectively polarized, and can be separated from the unpolarized, diffuse reflectance. Off-center gloss measurements are calibrated relative to the center measurement. Off-specular gloss measurements, following from local variation of the surface normal, are masked based on the height map and corrected. Shadowed regions, caused by the 3D relief, are treated similarly. The area of a single capture is approximately 180 mm × 90 mm at a resolution of 25 µm × 25 µm. Aligned color, height, and gloss tiles are stitched together off-line, registering overlapping color regions. The resulting color, height and gloss maps are inputs for the poly-jet 3D printer. Two paintings were reproduced to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed system. One painting was scanned four times, consecutively rotated by 90°, to evaluate the influence of the scanning system geometric configuration on the gloss measurement. Experimental results show that the method is sufficiently fast for practical application, i.e. to scan a whole painting within eight hours, during closing hours of a museum. The results can well be used for the purpose of physical reproduction and other applications needing first-order estimates of the appearance (e.g. conservation diagnostics and condition reports). Our method to extend appearance scanning with gloss measurements is a valuable addition in the quest for realistic reproductions, in terms of its practical applicability -number of images needed for reconstruction and speed -and its perceptual added value, when added to color and topography reproduction.Developments in 3D scanning and 3D printing systems provide new opportunities to create high-fidelity physical reproductions of paintings. Facsimiles (one-to-one reproductions simulating the artifact's appearance), are already made of artifacts like manuscripts, for instance to support storytelling in exhibitions, when the original is too fragile to show. Up to recently, copies with such likeness did not exist for paintings [13]. Facsimiles of paintings, in addition to the original artwork, can play a role in museums' missions of preserving as well as providing access to cultural heritage. Possible applications of scanning and reproduction include: Multi-modal documentation of an artwork (e.g. adding to high-resolution photography, infrared, and X-ray imaging, as shown in the Bosch Research and Conservation Project [30,43]), showing an artwo...

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“…Although this could be used to present colored images, the data size of the triangular mesh is too large to be printed. Matusik et al [2009] proposed a method for printing a BRDF with a combination of inks, with which a BRDF in a printable range is derived from a given BRDF; however, it is difficult to display multiple colored images by reflection because the method is limited to isotropic BRDFs and it is impossible to change the colors at a given position. There are also methods that use microstructures to control the intensity of the reflectance [Glasner et al 2014;Levin et al 2013].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabricating reflectors for displaying multiple images

Sakurai¹,

Dobashi

Iwasaki

et al. 2018

ACM Trans. Graph.

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becomes a microstructure having color and height. We propose using these microstructures to formulate a method for designing spatially varying reflections that can display different target images when viewed from different directions. The microstructure is calculated by minimizing an objective function that measures the differences between the intensities of the light reflected from the reflector and that of the target image. We show several fabricated reflectors to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method.

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Printing spatially-varying reflectance

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Computational hydrographic printing

Computational hydrographic printing

Gloss, Color, and Topography Scanning for Reproducing a Painting’s Appearance Using 3D Printing

Fabricating reflectors for displaying multiple images

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