Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2001

Beck, Allen J.; Karberg, Jennifer C.; Harrison, Paige M.

doi:10.1037/e529692006-001

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…1,2 Given the annual increases in the correctional population 3 and the continuous release of inmates back into the community, the need for public health department collaboration with correctional facilities is paramount. 4 Higher rates of TB infection and disease among inmates have been related to several risk factors.…”

Section: Synopsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Tuberculosis Screening and Management Practices of Large Jail Systems

Reichard¹

2003

Public Health Reports

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SYNOPSISObjective. This descriptive study sought to explore the use and timeliness of tuberculosis (TB) screening and management activities in jail facilities.Methods. Study personnel visited 20 large U.S. jail systems and reviewed the medical records of 56 inmates who had recently been evaluated for TB disease and 376 inmates who were diagnosed with or confirmed to have latent TB infection (LTBI). Data from these records were analyzed to determine completion and timeliness of screening, diagnostic, and treatment activities.Results. In 14% of 56 inmates evaluated for TB disease and 24% of 376 inmates with LTBI, chest radiographs were either not performed or not documented. Of 48 inmates evaluated for TB disease who were not receiving treatment when admitted to jail, 10 had no record of sputum collection being done. A mean delay of 3.1 days occurred from symptom report to respiratory isolation. Time from tuberculin skin test reading to chest radiograph reading was a mean of 5.3 days in inmates evaluated for TB disease and a mean of 7.0 days in inmates with LTBI. Follow-up was arranged for 91% of released inmates who were on treatment for TB disease and only 17% of released inmates who were on treatment for LTBI.Conclusions. Jail health information systems should be augmented to better document and monitor inmate health care related to TB. Completion rates and timeliness of TB screening, diagnostic, and treatment measures should be evaluated to identify areas needing improvement. Finally, mechanisms for continuity of care upon inmate release should be enhanced to promote therapy completion and prevent TB transmission in the community.

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Section: Synopsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Tuberculosis Screening and Management Practices of Large Jail Systems

Reichard¹

2003

Public Health Reports

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“…While the percentage of blacks involved with the criminal justice system at all levels continues to increase, Hispanics show the highest rate of growth (Hamperian & Lieber, 1997;Schiraldi & Ziedenbert, 2003). Similar trends shows that between 1995 and 2000, the number of inmates who were not U.S. citizens rose by two-thirds in Federal and state facilities accounting for 7.3% of all inmates in correctional facilities (Beck et al, 2002). Hispanics are also more likely to be incarcerated in a Federal correctional facility (30%) than a state or private facility with the opposite pattern seen for whites (36% in state or private facilities, 27% in Federal facilities).…”

Section: Racial Disparities In the Criminal Justice Systemmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Consistent with this growth of the incarcerated population has been the simultaneous growth in the number of adult correctional facilities; an increase from 1464 to 1668 (14%) between 1995 and 2000 with the Federal prison system operating 34% above capacity in 2000, up from 25% in 1995 (Beck, Karberg, & Harrison, 2002).…”

Section: Racial Disparities In the Criminal Justice Systemmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…An increased proportion of the Federal criminal caseload was accounted for by drug prosecutions between 1982 and 1999 (21À36%) while 70% of jail inmates during 1998 had been convicted of a drug offense or had used drugs regularly (Beck et al, 2002;Stephan & Karberg, 2003). The Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that 4 in 10 violent victimizations involved alcohol use; parolees, jail and prison inmates used alcohol (40%) and drugs (20%) at the time of offense; and two-thirds of jail inmates were involved with drugs prior to admission to jail (Beck et al, 2002;Gilliard & Beck, 1998;Mumola, 1999).…”

Section: Substance Usementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that 4 in 10 violent victimizations involved alcohol use; parolees, jail and prison inmates used alcohol (40%) and drugs (20%) at the time of offense; and two-thirds of jail inmates were involved with drugs prior to admission to jail (Beck et al, 2002;Gilliard & Beck, 1998;Mumola, 1999). Drug offenders (42%) reported the highest drug use at the time of the offense with 16% of convicted jail inmates, 19% of State prisoners, and 16% of Federal inmates reportedly committing offenses to obtain money for drugs.…”

Section: Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Race and Ethnicity, Mental Health Services and Cultural Competence in the Criminal Justice System: Are we Ready to Change?

Primm

Osher

Gomez³

2005

Community Ment Health J

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By the end of 2003, 3.2% of the U.S. adult population or 6.9 million adults were incarcerated, on probation or on parole. While non-whites constitute approximately 25% of the general U.S. population, they represent the majority of the prison (62%) and jail population (57%), a 33% increase since 1980. Approximately 15% of this prison and jail population has active symptoms of serious mental illness with two-thirds likely to have a co-occurring substance use disorder diagnosis. Meanwhile, the lack of adequate mental health and substance abuse treatment within all levels of the criminal justice system continues to exist. This is further exaggerated by the dearth of evidence showing appropriate cultural awareness and competence in delivery of these much needed services to a majority non-white population. This article will review the existing racial disparities present in the criminal justice system, the lack of appropriate psychiatric services, and the effect of cultural dissonance in service provision when services do exist. Policy implications and recommendations are included in the conclusion with a call for action to all agencies directly and indirectly affected by this multifaceted problem.

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