Pro-inflammatory responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to acute nitrogen dioxide exposure

Ayyagari, Vijayalakshmi N.; Januszkiewicz, Adolph J.; Nath, Jayasree

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2003.12.017

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…At an experimental level, as a free radical, NO 2 has the capacity of depleting the antioxidants of the lung tissue, causing subsequent injury and inflammation. 60 Using animal or in vitro models, NO 2 produces eosinophilic inflammation, enhances epithelial damage, reduces mucin expression and increases baseline smooth muscle tone. [60][61][62][63] Repeated exposure to high doses of NO 2 is associated with increased breath frequency and decreased lung distensibility and gas exchange.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 Using animal or in vitro models, NO 2 produces eosinophilic inflammation, enhances epithelial damage, reduces mucin expression and increases baseline smooth muscle tone. [60][61][62][63] Repeated exposure to high doses of NO 2 is associated with increased breath frequency and decreased lung distensibility and gas exchange. 64 It has also been explained that NO 2 decreases bactericidal activity and alveolar macrophage activity.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Role of Air Pollution in Adult-Onset Asthma: A Review of the Current Evidence

Jacquemin

Schikowski

Carsin

et al. 2012

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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The causes of adult-onset asthma are poorly established, and the asthmogenic role of air pollution has been investigated primarily in children. This review assesses the current evidence of the association between air pollution and asthma incidence among subjects free of asthma at least until late childhood. Seven publications from five study populations fulfilled the inclusion criteria (one case-control and six cohort studies). All but one used markers of local traffic-related air pollution to characterize long-term exposure. Those studies reported similar associations with traffic-related air pollution. However, protocols, definitions of asthma, and exposure assignment were rather heterogeneous, and three publications relied on the same study; thus we abstain from meta-analytic summaries. Reported patterns of effect modification (e.g., by sex, atopy, or smoking) were inconsistent. Overall, the role of traffic-related air pollution in adult-onset asthma is less conclusive than in childhood asthma. Larger studies with more consistent definitions of phenotypes and exposure assessment for local traffic-related pollutants (e.g., ultrafine particles) are needed. Pooling existing cohorts such as in the ongoing European ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM consortia are promising steps. There is, however, a need for large-scale megacohorts to investigate these effects in standardized ways and to identify the most susceptible populations.

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Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Air Pollution in Adult-Onset Asthma: A Review of the Current Evidence

Jacquemin

Schikowski

Carsin

et al. 2012

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Ozone stimulates the respiratory system, which might cause bronchitis and pneumonia. Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and nitrogen oxide (NO) are highly toxic and irritating gases for the eyes, nose, skin, and mucous membranes (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of Welders Exposure to the Released Contaminated Gases in Different Types of Welding Processes in a Steel Industry

et al. 2018

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Background: Exposure to the evaporated gases during the welding process has short-or long-term effects on welders' health. Assessment of the risk by identifying and determining the chemical risk rating might be a useful tool for the experts in industrial hygiene. Objectives: The present study aimed at evaluating the exposure of welders to welding gases in seven welding types in the Steel Industry. Methods: The present study was conducted in one of the factories of the steel industry in 2017. Seven types of welding were studied including SMAW-E7018, SMAW-E730, MIG, MAG, PAW, SAW, and GTAW. Sampling from the NO, NO2, CO, CO2, and O3 was done via directreading instruments. To assess the health risk of exposure, the used approach was the one proposed by the division of occupational safety and health of the labor department of Singapore. Results: Findings of the present study revealed that the average range of welders' exposure to NO, NO2, CO, CO2, and O3 gases in various welding processes was 30 -50, 2456 -5000, 2 -12, 3.5 -6, and 0.16 -0.5 parts per million (ppm). Maximum and minimum concentrations of exposure to each of the gases were observed in MIG and PAW welding processes, respectively. The results of risk assessment showed that ozone and nitrogen dioxide had a very high-risk rating and nitrogen monoxide had a rank of "negligible" in all types of welding. Among the different types of welding, the most and the least risks of welding types were in MIG and PAW welding, respectively. Conclusions: MIG welders have a high occupational exposure to various types of welding gases. Use of control measures such as installing a local ventilation system, workplace air monitoring, implementing appropriate respiratory protection, and training the workers are recommended for safety of the welders.

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“…Findings have shown that O 3 alters pulmonary morphology, physiology, and biochemistry, and it also is a proven cause of asthma in humans (12). O 3 is a strong oxidant that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissues, and even causes DNA damage (13 (16,17). Welding is an important process in the steel industries and has crucial impact on the economy of countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

Zeverdegani

Mehrifar

Faraji

et al. 2017

JOHE

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Received: August 2017, Accepted: September 2017 Background: Hazardous chemical agents in the welding operation are a mixture of metal fumes and toxic gases, the inhalation of which causes adverse health effects among welders. The emission of gases in the workplace is a logical cause for concern regarding the potential development of respiratory disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration values of gases discharged during arc welding and perform risk assessment through semi-quantitative chemical risk assessment (SQCRA) method. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in an Iranian steel mill on the 3 processes of plasma arc welding (PAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Direct reading instruments were used for sampling of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ). SQCRA method was used for risk assessment of gases. Results: The concentrations of O 3 (0.356 ppm), CO (41.642 ppm), NO (6.357 ppm), and NO 2 (4.871 ppm) were found to exceed their threshold limit values (TLVs), while the concentrations of CO 2 (3879.285 ppm) were below its TLV. The maximum exposure concentration of all gases, except CO 2 , was observed in SAW. SQCRA method showed that among the gases, the highest and least risk rating was related to ozone and nitrogen monoxide, respectively. The risk rating for CO 2 , CO, and NO 2 was low, high, and very high, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, exposure values were higher than the threshold limit values-time weighted average (TLV-TWA) and the results of risk assessment showed that control engineering should be applied and the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) should be made mandatory for welders especially in SAW, PAW, and GTAW processes.

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Pro-inflammatory responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to acute nitrogen dioxide exposure

Cited by 49 publications

References 38 publications

The Role of Air Pollution in Adult-Onset Asthma: A Review of the Current Evidence

The Role of Air Pollution in Adult-Onset Asthma: A Review of the Current Evidence

Risk Assessment of Welders Exposure to the Released Contaminated Gases in Different Types of Welding Processes in a Steel Industry

Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

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