Probabilistic learning and inference in schizophrenia

Averbeck, Bruno B.; Evans, Susan E.; Chouhan, Viraj; Bristow, Eleanor; Shergill, Sukhwinder S.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.08.009

Cited by 97 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indirect evidence from studies in patients with schizophrenia also points to a dissociation between the jumping-to-conclusions bias and aberrant salience. 18,51 However, the exact association between salience and reasoning bias es remains to be assessed in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration

Andreou

Schneider

Braun

et al. 2015

J Psychiatry Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration

Andreou

Schneider

Braun

et al. 2015

J Psychiatry Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[13] Poor information sampling on the beads task has been also reported in patients with schizophrenia. [14–15] We have previously reported early decision or ‘jumping to conclusions’ in PD patients with and without ICBs on this task and found that PD patients with ICBs resembled substance abusers, whereas PD patients without an ICB performed similarly to pathological gamblers. [16] Thus this task has a high sensitivity to detect underlying impulsivity and has been therefore chosen for this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine Agonists Rather than Deep Brain Stimulation Cause Reflection Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease

Djamshidian

O’Sullivan

Foltynie

et al. 2013

Journal of Parkinson's Disease

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Dopamine agonist therapy is the main risk factor for impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it is unclear whether bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus also causes impairment in decision making. Objectives: To assess the role of dopamine agonist therapy and deep brain stimulation on reflection impulsivity in non-demented patients with PD. Methods: We recruited 61 PD patients, 20 treated with L-dopa in combination with a dopamine agonist, 14 taking L-dopa monotherapy, a further 16 PD patients with bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation treated with L-dopa in combination with a dopamine agonist, and 11 PD patients with bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation taking L-dopa but not a dopamine agonist. Results were compared with 18 healthy controls. Patients who had evidence of impulsive compulsive behaviour were excluded. Reflection impulsivity was assessed with the beads task, which is a validated information sampling task. Results: All patients treated with a dopamine agonist gathered significantly less information and made more irrational decisions than all other groups regardless of whether they had surgical treatment. Conclusions: Our results imply that dopamine agonist therapy but not deep brain stimulation leads to "reflection impulsivity" in PD.

show abstract

“…In the studies conducted with patients in order to find an answer to this question, the themes such as jumping to conclusions, draws to decision behavior, inflexibility of beliefs, having lower acceptance threshold came to the fore in delusional group compared to the non-delusional (Averbeck, Evans, Chouhan, Bristow, & Shergill, 2011;Freeman, Pugh, & Garety, 2008;Garety & Freeman, 2013;Garety, Hemsley, & Wessely, 1991;Huq, Garety, & Hemsley, 1988;Lunt et al, 2012;Menon et al, 2013;So et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Reasoning in Patients with Paranoid Type Schizophrenia

Karadere¹,

Şafak²,

Ozcelik³

et al. 2017

JCBPR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thinking patterns, reasoning and decision making processes of individuals with schizophrenia have been intriguing. The goal of our study is to evaluate the decision making and reasoning of the paranoid type schizophrenic patients, and their confidence in reasoning and perseverance in keeping to their decisions, using Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test (RIAT). Thirty-two delusional patients and 30 healthy volunteers were included in the study. After diagnostic interview conducted by SCID-I, patients were asked to participate in the study, RIAT test was applied by the interviewer in order to detect the inferential thinking patterns. Apart from the 3rd item of RIAT out of 11, the differences of initial scores between the delusional patient group and control group are statistically insignificant. After RIAT items of both delusional patient and control group are read, compared to ANOVA results of the difference between the belief levels in the result of their initial reasoning and after seeing the alternatives (RIAT belief level before and after), no significant differences were detected for both groups in terms of changes between the belief levels to RIAT items before and after (p>0.05). According to our study, apart from the area of delusions, it can be declared that the reasoning of the patients is normal. Our study indicates that when the delusional patients are compared to the control group in terms of jumping to conclusion and modifying their initial beliefs, they are not different, given similarly sufficient amount of data.Keywords: Delusions, reasoning, psychosis, schizophrenia, decision making Öz Paranoid Tip Şizofreniye Sahip Hastalarda Tümevarımsal Akıl YürütmeŞizofreni hastalarının düşünce kalıpları, akıl yürütme ve karar verme süreçleri ilgi çekici ve şaşırtıcıdır. Çalışmamızın amacı, paranoid tip şizofreni olan hastaların karar verme, akıl yürütme, akıl yürütmelerine güven dereceleri ve kararlarını sürdürmedeki sebatlarının Tümevarımsal Kanıtlarla Akıl Yürütme Testi (TKAYT) kullanılarak değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmaya 32 delüzyonel hasta ve 30 sağlıklı gönüllü dahil edildi. Araştırmaya çağrılan hastalarla SCID-I ile tanı görüşmesi yapıldıktan sonra çıkarımsal (inferansiyel) düşünme biçimlerini tespit etmek için görüşmeci tarafından TKAYT testi uygulandı. Delüzyonel bozukluk grubunun ve kontrol grubunun her bir RIAT maddesi için ilk inanç düzeyleri arasındaki fark, üçüncü madde dışında istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdı. Delüzyonel bozukluğa sahip hasta grubu ile sağlıklı kontrol grubunun RIAT ifadeleri (maddeleri) okunduktan sonra; çıkardıkları ilk sonuca inanma düzeyi ile alternatifleri gördükten sonraki inanma düzeyi (RIAT önceki ve sonraki inanma düzeyi) arasındaki değişimlerle, ANOVA sonuçlarına göre iki grubun önceki ve sonraki RIAT maddelerine inanma düzeyleri açısından oluşan değişimler arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p>0,05). Çalışmamıza göre, delüzyonel alan dışında, hastaların karar vermelerinin normal olduğu söylenebilir. Çalışmamız, delüzyonel bozukluğa sahip hastaların, aynı mikt...

show abstract

Probabilistic learning and inference in schizophrenia

Cited by 97 publications

References 38 publications

Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration

Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration

Dopamine Agonists Rather than Deep Brain Stimulation Cause Reflection Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease

Inductive Reasoning in Patients with Paranoid Type Schizophrenia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About